Whether Man can be regarded as an Exception to the Rule if the Doctrine of Transmutation be embraced for the rest of the Animal Kingdom. Zoological Relations of Man to other Mammalia. Systems of Classification. Term Quadrumanous, why deceptive. Whether the Structure of the Human Brain entitles Man to form a distinct Sub-class of the Mammalia. Intelligence of the lower Animals compared to the Intellect and Reason of Man. Grounds on which Man has been referred to a distinct Kingdom of Nature. Immaterial Principle common to Man and Animals. Non-discovery of intermediate Links among Fossil Anthropomorphous Species. Hallam on the compound Nature of Man, and his Place in the Creation. Great Inequality of mental Endowment in different Human Races and Individuals developed by Variation and ordinary Generation. How far a corresponding Divergence in physical Structure may result from the Working of the same Causes. Concluding remarks. NOTES. PLATES AND FIGURES. PLATE 1. A VILLAGE BUILT ON PILES IN A SWISS LAKE. FIGURE 1. SECTION OF THE NEANDERTHAL CAVE. FIGURE 2. SIDE VIEW OF THE CAST OF PART OF A HUMAN SKULL FOUND BY DR. SCHMERLING EMBEDDED AMONGST THE REMAINS OF EXTINCT MAMMALIA IN THE CAVE OF ENGIS. FIGURE 3. SIDE VIEW OF THE CAST OF A PART OF A HUMAN SKULL FROM A CAVE IN THE NEANDERTHAL. FIGURE 4. OUTLINE OF THE SKULL OF AN ADULT CHIMPANZEE, OF THAT FROM THE NEANDERTHAL, AND OF THAT OF A EUROPEAN. FIGURE 5. SKULL ASSOCIATED WITH GROUND FLINT IMPLEMENTS. FIGURE 6. OUTLINES OF THE SKULL FROM THE NEANDERTHAL, OF AN AUSTRALIAN SKULL FROM PORT ADELAIDE, AND OF THE SKULL FROM THE CAVE OF ENGIS. FIGURE 7. SECTION ACROSS THE VALLEY OF THE SOMME IN PICARDY. FIGURE 8. FLINT IMPLEMENT FROM ST. ACHEUL, NEAR AMIENS, OF THE SPEAR-HEAD SHAPE. FIGURE 9. OVAL-SHAPED FLINT HATCHET FROM MAUTORT. FIGURE 10. FLINT TOOL FROM ST. ACHEUL. FIGURES 11, 12 AND 13. DENDRITES ON SURFACES OF FLINT HATCHETS IN THE DRIFT OF ST. ACHEUL. FIGURE 14. FLINT KNIFE OR FLAKE FROM BELOW THE SAND CONTAINING Cyrena fluminalis. FIGURE 15. FOSSILS OF THE WHITE CHALK. FIGURE 16. SECTION OF FLUVIO-MARINE STRATA, CONTAINING FLINT IMPLEMENTS AND BONES OF EXTINCT MAMMALIA. FIGURE 17. Cyrena fluminalis, O.F. Muller, sp. FIGURE 18. Elephas primigenius. FIGURE 19. Elephas antiquus, Falconer. FIGURE 20. Elephas meridionalis, Nesti. FIGURE 21. SECTION OF GRAVEL PIT CONTAINING FLINT IMPLEMENTS AT ST. ACHEUL. FIGURE 22. CONTORTED FLUVIATILE STRATA AT ST. ACHEUL. FIGURE 23. SECTION ACROSS THE VALLEY OF THE OUSE. FIGURE 24. SECTION SHOWING THE POSITION OF THE FLINT WEAPONS AT HOXNE. FIGURE 25. SECTION OF PART OF THE HILL OF FAJOLES. FIGURE 26. SECTION THROUGH THE ALLUVIAL PLAIN OF THE MISSISSIPPI. FIGURE 27. DIAGRAM TO ILLUSTRATE THE GENERAL SUCCESSION OF THE STRATA IN THE NORFOLK CLIFFS. FIGURE 28. Cyclas (Pisidium) amnica var.(?) FIGURE 29. CLIFF 50 FEET HIGH BETWEEN BACTON GAP AND MUNDESLEY.