Evolution (Biology); Glacial epoch; Human beings -- Origin; Human evolution
Such inequality in the rate of rising or sinking, when we contemplate
large continental spaces, is quite consistent with what we know of
the course of nature in our own times as well as at remote geological
epochs. Thus in Sweden, as before stated, the rise of land now in
progress is nearly uniform as we proceed from north to south for
moderate distances; but it greatly diminishes southwards if we compare
areas hundreds of miles apart; so that instead of the land rising about
5 feet in a hundred years as at the North Cape, it becomes less than
the same number of inches at Stockholm, and farther south the land is
stationary, or, if not, seems rather to be descending than ascending.*
(* "Principles of Geology" chapter 30 9th edition page 519
et seq.)
To cite an example of high geological antiquity, M. Hebert has
demonstrated that, during the Oolitic and Cretaceous periods, similar
inequalities in the vertical movements of the earth's crust took place
in Switzerland and France. By his own observations and those of M. Lory
he has proved that the area of the Alps was rising and emerging from
beneath the ocean towards the close of the Oolitic epoch, and was above
water at the commencement of the Cretaceous era; while, on the other
hand, the area of the Jura, about 100 miles to the north, was slowly
sinking at the close of the Oolitic period, and had become submerged at
the commencement of the Cretaceous. Yet these oscillations of level were
accomplished without any perceptible derangement in the strata, which
remained all the while horizontal, so that the Lower Cretaceous or
Neocomian beds were deposited conformably on the Oolitic.*
(* "Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France" 2 series
volume 16 1859 page 596.)
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