The Apology of the Augsburg ConfessionMelanchthon, Philipp
Religion
The Apology of the Augsburg Confession
Melanchthon, Philipp
Lutheran Church -- Catechisms
But concerning this matter we have spoken with sufficient clearness
in the Confession that we condemn the Donatists and Wyclifites, who
thought that men sinned when they received the sacraments from the
unworthy in the Church. These things seem, for the present, to be
sufficient for the defense of the description of the Church which we
have presented. Neither do we see how, when the Church, properly so
called, is named the body of Christ, it should be described otherwise
than we have described it. For it is evident that the wicked belong
to the kingdom and body of the devil, who impels and holds captive
the wicked. These things are clearer than the light of noonday,
however, if the adversaries still continue to pervert them, we will
not hesitate to reply at greater length.
The adversaries condemn also the part of the Seventh Article in which
we said that "to the unity of the Church it is sufficient to agree
concerning the doctrine of the Gospel and the administration of the
Sacraments; nor is it necessary that human traditions rites or
ceremonies instituted by men should be alike everywhere." Here they
distinguish between universal and particular rites, and approve our
article if it be understood concerning particular rites, they do not
receive it concerning universal rites. [That is a fine clumsy
distinction!] We do not sufficiently understand what the adversaries
mean. We are speaking of true, i.e., of spiritual unity [we say that
those are one harmonious Church who believe in one Christ, who have
one Gospel, one Spirit, one faith, the same Sacraments; and we are
speaking, therefore, of spiritual unity], without which faith in the
heart, or righteousness of heart before God cannot exist. For this
we say that similarity of human rites, whether universal or
particular, is not necessary, because the righteousness of faith is
not a righteousness bound to certain traditions [outward ceremonies
of human ordinances] as the righteousness of the Law was bound to the
Mosaic ceremonies, because this righteousness of the heart is a
matter that quickens the heart. To this quickening, human traditions,
whether they be universal or particular, contribute nothing; neither
are they effects of the Holy Ghost, as are chastity, patience, the
fear of God, love to one's neighbor, and the works of love.
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