The Appendages, Anatomy, and Relationships of TrilobitesRaymond, Percy E. (Percy Edward)
Science
The Appendages, Anatomy, and Relationships of Trilobites
Raymond, Percy E. (Percy Edward)
Trilobites
The Museum of Comparative Zoology contains a single specimen of this
species from Wesela, Bohemia, which shows the course of the canal from
the middle of the pygidium to the anterior part of the glabella. The
enlargement appears to begin about halfway to the front of the
glabella and to be greatest at the anterior end. At the anterior end
of the glabella, the anterior end of the thorax, and the posterior end
of the pygidium, the canal is still packed full of a material somewhat
darker in appearance than the matrix, while the remainder of it is
open. A well defined constriction is present under the middle of the
next to the last thoracic segment, but whether this is accidental or
whether it indicates the point where the mesenteron discharges into
the proctodæum can not be determined. The inside of the canal has
somewhat of a lustre and there are three conical projections into it
on the median ventral line, a very small one in front of the neck
furrow, a larger one under the anterior part of the second segment,
and a third between the fourth and fifth segments.
_Summary._
The specimens of _Cryptolithus_ from Bohemia and of _Ceraurus_ and
_Calymene_ from New York seem to substantiate the claim of Bernard and
Jaekel that at the anterior end of the canal there was an enlarged
organ which occupied the greater part of the cavity of the glabella.
It appears that it extended into the thorax, and that above it and the
heart was a chitinous dorsal sheath. Behind the enlarged portion, the
mesenteron appears to have been of practically uniform diameter in
_Cryptolithus_, but to have tapered posteriorly in Ceraurus and
_Calymene_. The proctodæum can not yet be differentiated from the
mesenteron, and only in _Cryptolithus_ has the posterior portion of
the alimentary canal been seen. It is, there, merely a continuation of
the mesenteron. The stomodæum likewise has not been identified, but
was probably a short gullet leading up from the mouth into the
enlarged digestive cavity.
[Illustration: Fig. 24. Longitudinal section of _Ceraurus
pleurexanthemus_, showing the probable outline of the alimentary canal
and the heart above it. A restoration based on the slices described
above.]
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