The Appendages, Anatomy, and Relationships of TrilobitesRaymond, Percy E. (Percy Edward)
Science
The Appendages, Anatomy, and Relationships of Trilobites
Raymond, Percy E. (Percy Edward)
Trilobites
The sections show that in _Ceraurus pleurexanthemus_ the anterior part
of the alimentary canal was large, filling the part of the glabella
below the heart; that the body cavity was provided with a chitinous
dorsal sheath extending back into the thorax; and that the posterior
portion of the mesenteron was likewise large and oval in section.
Since the alimentary canal must be connected with the mouth and anus,
some such restoration as that of Jaekel is indicated. No chitinous
lining of the stomodæum or proctodæum was found, but it is not certain
that any of the sections cut either of those regions.
_Calymene senaria._
Ten transverse sections and one longitudinal slice show the form of
the alimentary canal in _Calymene_. One of these has been figured by
Walcott (1881, pl. 1, fig. 9) but without showing the organ in
question.
The only section cutting the cephalon which shows any trace of the
canal is a longitudinal one (No. 141), which is not very satisfactory.
It has a large, nearly circular, opaque spot under the anterior part
of the glabella which may or may not represent a section across the
anterior end of the mesenteron. Three sections (No. 9, 115, 143) show
the dorsal sheath, the latter having the mud-filled canal beneath it.
The sheath arches across the axial lobe as in Ceraurus, leaving room
for the dorsal muscles at the sides and above it. In this region the
canal is large and oval in section. Six slices cut the mesenteron
behind the abdominal sheath (Nos. 39, 117, 148, 153, 62, 65) (see fig.
23). In the first four of these it is oval in section and large, but
not so large as in No. 143. In the last two, it is small and circular
in section, from which it is inferred that the canal tapers
posteriorly.
_Cryptolithus goldfussi_ (Barrande).
Illustrated: Beyrich, Untersuch. über Trilobiten, Berlin, 1846, pl.
4, fig. 1c.--Barrande, Syst. Sil. Bohême, vol. 1 1852, pl. 30,
figs. 38, 39.
Both Beyrich and Barrande have shown that from the posterior end of
the axial lobe to the neck-ring on the cephalon, the alimentary canal
in _Cryptolithus_ has a nearly uniform diameter of less than half the
width of the axial lobe. In front of the neck-ring, it enlarges, and
while its original describers state that it extends only about halfway
to the front of the glabella, Barrande's figure 39 shows it extending
quite to the front, and his figure 38 shows it fully two thirds of the
distance to the anterior end, as does Beyrich's figure of 1846.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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