_Cavea_, a name for an amphitheatre, applied to the galleries and to the dens and passages under the arena _ib._ Wild beasts brought into Rome by L. L. Metellus, B.C. 251 _ib._ Culprits executed by being thrown to wild beasts _ib._ Amphitheatres a Roman invention (?) 4 Martial’s first book, _De Spectaculis_, relates chiefly to this building _ib._ Mountain of Rhodope represented as a scene _ib._ Exhibitions in the Circus Maximus by Julius Cæsar _ib._ A separate building required for these exhibitions 5 Gymnasium and _Naumachia_ of Nero on this site _ib._ Remains of Aqueducts and Piscina of Nero _ib._ —— Piscina of Alexander Severus _ib._ The Gymnasium of Nero was on the arena of this building 6 Brickwork of the time of Nero in several parts _ib._ IX. A straight vertical joint between the brick galleries and the stone corridors _ib._ II. The external wall of three periods,—Vespasian, Titus, and Alexander Severus _ib._ I. The upper storey an addition and an afterthought _ib._ II. The arena full of trap-doors, through which the wild animals were sent up in cages on lifts 7 XVI. Grooves in the walls for the lifts, and sockets in the pavement for the pivots of the capstans, to wind the cords upon, were visible below _ib._ The original walls of tufa are interfered with by later walls of brick _ib._ Inscriptions record the dates of these later walls _ib._ Another inscription gives the word THEATRUM for this amphitheatre _ib._ Supper of Nero in this amphitheatre _ib._ Exhibitions of Titus at the dedication 8 Sea water (?) used in the canals _ib._ The _Naumachia_ were in this amphitheatre _ib._ The _stagna Neronis_ are the canals or reservoirs supplied by aqueducts _ib._ They are called by Tacitus _Stagnum Navale_ 9 —— by Suetonius a “sea,” that is, when the surface was flooded _ib._ The new _Naumachia_ were those of Augustus in Trastevere _ib._ _Stagnum_ of Agrippa near the Pantheon, supplied by the Aqua Virgo _ib._ _Stagna_ of Nero supplied by three aqueducts _ib._ The old _Naumachia_ in this building 10 No _Naumachia_ in the amphitheatre of Statilius Taurus _ib._