[66] Taciti Ann., lib. xv. c. 42. [67] Ibid., lib. xiv. c. 15. [68] See p. 5. [69] Santi-Bartoli (in a paper printed in the _Miscellanea_, by Fea, vol. i. p. ccxxiii.) states that in his time a quantity of leaden water-pipes, which carried water from the Thermæ of Titus to the Colosseum, were found in an orchard north of the Colosseum. [70] Suetonii Nero, c. 12. [71] This dedication is referred to by Eutropius thus,— “Hic [Titus] amphitheatrum Romæ ædificavit, et in dedicatione ejus quinque millia ferarum occidit.” (Eutropius, lib. vii. c. 14. See also Cassiodorus, Variar. l. v. op. 42. Opera omnia, ed. 1679, fol. vol. i. p. 94, c. 2.) The account by Suetonius, writing some eighty or ninety years previously, is very clear:— “Amphitheatro dedicato, thermisque juxta celeriter exstructis, munus edidit apparatissimum largissimumque. Dedit et navale prœlium in veteri naumachia: ibidem et gladiatores: atque uno die quinque millia omne genus ferarum.” (Suetonius Titus, c. 7.) These old _naumachia_ were the same as the _stagnum navale_, the old place for such amusements on the spot. They have been supposed to be the Naumachia of Augustus in the Trastevere, but without authority; and the mention of the gladiators in connection with them implies that it was at the same place. [72] See Photos., Nos. 3268, 3269, and the drawing of this restored in Plates VII. and XV. [73] See p. 37, and Plate X. [74] Photos., Nos. 1761, 1762. [75] Photos., No. 3279, and Plates II. and XX. [76] It is important to notice this, because some able architects did not see it at first sight, and imagined that these brick arches rested upon the stone piers, which was evidently not really the case, though it appears to be so. M. Viollet-le-Duc, one of the most eminent architects of our time, says that an experienced architect would cut through old tufa walls of this kind as easily, and with as little scruple, as he would cut through cheese, and the brick facing made no material difference. [77] “... item stagnum maris instar, circumseptum ædificiis ad urbium speciem.” (Suetonii Nero, c. 31.) [78] Photos., Nos. 3282, 3285. [79] See Plate XXI. [80] See Plate XXII. [81] See Plate XV. [82] Photos., No. 3268, 3269. [83] Photos., Nos. 3203, 3205, 3282, 3283. In some parts a brick wall of the fifth or sixth century has been introduced between the two old tufa walls, during the repairs after the earthquakes. This is at first sight rather puzzling, until it is examined and properly considered. [84] Photos., No. 3271. [85] Photos., Nos. 3285, 3286. [86] For elephants there are four larger dens provided, two on either side of the central passage. See the Plan. [87] Photos., No. 3282. [88] See Plates XVI., XVII.