The Via Appia Nova was probably made in the time of Frontinus, and is the road which he calls Via Nova. The part nearest to Rome was previously called the Via Asinaria, and extended from the Porta Asinaria to the junction with the Via Latina, at three miles from Rome, which name was then dropped. The new road continues parallel to the Via Appia Antiqua as far as the eleventh milestone, and there forms a junction with it. Both of these roads are now open. The railway to Capua and Naples passes near to this point of junction. The short Via Lateranensis, going out of the Porta Lateranensis (excavated in 1868), ran into the Via Asinaria, and so joined the Via Appia Nova, which has tombs of the first century along the line, and none of any other period. Those which were of stone have been used as a quarry by the farmers to build the low walls that line the road on both sides, the foundations only being left in the banks; but those which were built of concrete faced with brick, would not pay for the trouble of destroying them, and have therefore been left standing in their places. One of these, a very fine one, faced with brick of the time of Trajan, with moulded pilasters, remains nearly perfect near the seventh mile, just where a path turns off to the left across the fields to the _piscinæ_, which are near the line of the old Via Latina in this part, about half-a-mile from the Via Appia Nova, and forming the carriage-road to Albano through Marino. It left Rome by the Porta Asinaria as it now does by the modern Porta S. Giovanni, which is close to the old gate, but at a much higher level. The Via Latina crosses it in a diagonal line, and runs nearly parallel to it as far as the Torre Fiscale, that is, for about a mile gradually diverging from it. Wherever the exterior of the _specus_ of the Anio Vetus is visible, it is faced with _Opus Reticulatum_. The reservoirs of this Aqueduct are of the same construction, and this may serve to distinguish those on the slope of the hill at Tivoli from the other aqueducts there. “The water of this straight branch,” says Frontinus, “coming within the _Porta Esquilina_ along the _Spes [specus] Vetus_, was carried down into the city in the high streams[41].” This _specus_ is on the high bank of the Tarquins, the outer and lofty line of defence on the eastern side of Rome. On this the wall of Aurelian was afterwards built. After its entry into Rome, the Anio Vetus was divided into several branches, in the same manner as the later aqueducts were.