The dedication of a temple to Minerva Medica, in connection with an aqueduct, is natural, and that this was not an isolated example is shewn by an inscription found near Subiaco[189], and published in 1830 by Martelli, in his work on the Antiquities of Sicily[190]. The Regionary catalogue of the fourth century gives, in the fifth Regio, which contains the Esquiliæ, the Nymphæum of Alexander and the Minerva Medica, all which agrees with the existing remains of this Nymphæum. In the same vineyard, to the north-west or opposite side of the Minerva Medica, and very near to it, are the ruins of another building, called by some “a _nymphæum_,” now also a gardener’s house, under which the marble pavement remains very evident, the construction belonging to the period of Alexander Severus[191]. Both the Pantheum or hall for the men, and the Nymphæum or hall for the women, had images in the niches round them, and frequently an altar also, so that they were temples at the same time that they were used as waiting-rooms for the baths. The Pantheum of Agrippa was the entrance to his _thermæ_[192]; the building usually called _the Temple_ of Minerva Medica, from an image found there, is called in the Regionary Catalogue Minerva Medica only. A Nymphæum and a Pantheum equally required a _castellum aquæ_ to supply it with water for the fountains and the stream that ran round it, and there are remains of bath-chambers and niches outside of many of the larger reservoirs, as in this instance. During some extensive excavations, which were carried on in the spring of 1871 by a company, with a view to building new streets in the eastern part of Rome, considerable remains of the lower part of the walls of these great _thermæ_ of the third century were found on both sides of the road made in the sixteenth century, from S. Maria Maggiore to S. Croce. The company bought two large vineyards, in one of which stands the fine ruin called Minerva Medica, which was evidently one of the halls of the _thermæ_; the ground is full of ancient reservoirs for water at different levels, some underground, others at a considerable elevation, turned into houses; they may be traced at intervals all along the line within the Wall of Aurelian, from the Porta Maggiore to the Porta S. Lorenzo, which is itself here built against the Marcian arcade, and in one part the outer wall of the large _piscina_ and _castellum aquæ_ of the Tepula is incorporated with the wall, of which it now forms part. This ground had been at one period the Esquiliæ or great burial-ground, and afterwards the garden of Mæcenas, so that remains of great works for the supply of water at different periods were likely to be found there, as was the case. XVI. THE ALGENTIANA, A.D. 300.