DR. J. R. CALLAHAN:—A sort of hypnotism is produced when obtunding is suggested by the use of alcohol or hot chloroform. For the worst cases, a little nitrous oxide is effective. DR. OTTO ARNOLD:—If you will impress the patients that everything is being done to ease the pain, you will succeed. The Niles apparatus, which throws a jet of vaporing alcohol upon the dentine, is very effective. A few inhalations of chloroform have a good effect. DR. C. R. BUTLER:—Small amounts of chloroform are very dangerous. It would be as safe as nitrous oxide if the people had as much confidence in it. DR. H. A. SMITH:—Doctors disagree as to that. Dr. Hamilton says "ether may be used to the 'ether glow' without a particle of danger." Quacks are often successful, because they give a full dose. The use of such anæsthetics is dangerous, but quacks, like fools, rush in where wise men fear to tread. DR. P. S. BOLLINGER:—I have tried nearly all obtundents, but have been most successful in working upon the imagination of the patient. Purchase a firm hold on the instrument. DR. C. R. BUTLER:—The fountain-pen answers beautifully as an instrument for using volatile agents. DR. J. TAFT:—The rubber cloth must be used. There should be dehydration and reduction of temperature. Cold is so successful as an obtundent, because it does not vary like other agents. A combination of therapeutic agents might be used in the Niles atomizer. Dr. C. R. Butler, Cleveland, O., Paper, "A Means of Holding the Rubber Dam, While Operating Upon Labial Surface Cavities." Many appliances for this purpose have been devised, but when applied are often very painful and difficult to carry the rubber over. In these very low cavities a hole is drilled below the margin of the cavity far enough to allow it to be excavated and still leave enough for strength, and into this hole a platina-iridinum or gold wire is screwed, first dipping in phosphate cream. The cud is cut off within an eighth of an inch of the cementum and the rubber carried over the projecting point, by which it is afterwards held. Sometimes two such pins will be found necessary. In performing this part of the work never cut a thread in the cementum. If the shouldered spear-pointed drill is nicely gauged to the wire, like the S. S. White retaining screw-set, the wire will cut its own way in. When the filling proper is completed, dress off the wire pins as though they were fillings. _Discussion_—DR. J. T. TAFT:—The Palmer clamps have been a source of pleasure in my hands. They fit each tooth so nicely that great stiffness is not required. DR. H. A. SMITH:—If a chisel is rested against the cementum and lightly tapped, the assistant can easily hold it. Bleeding gums cause much time to be lost. DR. F. SAGE:—Sharpen the large end of a steel pen and drive it in the cementum. This has the general form of the festoon of the gum.