We sometimes classify sciences as exact and inexact, in accordance with
our ability exactly to weigh forces and results. The exact sciences deal
with simple data accessible and capable of measurement. The results of
their interactions can be reduced to mathematics. Because of their
essential simplicity, the mathematical sciences have been carried to
great comparative perfection. It is easier to weigh an invisible planet
than to measure the force of heredity in a grain of corn. The sciences
of life are inexact, because the human mind can never grasp all their
data. Nor has the combined effort of all men, the flower of the altruism
of the ages, that we call science been able to make more than a
beginning in this study. But however incomplete our realization of the
laws of life, we may be sure that they are never broken. Each law is the
expression of the best possible way in which causes and results can be
linked. It is the necessary sequence of events, therefore the _best_
sequence, if we may imagine for a moment that the human words "good" and
"bad" are applicable to world-processes. The laws of nature are not
executors of human justice. Each one has its own operation, and no
other. Each represents its own tendency towards cosmic order. A law in
this sense cannot be "broken." A broken law would be a discarded
universe. "If God should wink at a single act of injustice," says the
Arab proverb, "the whole universe would shrivel up like a cast-off
snake-skin." If God should wink at any violated law the universe would
vanish.
Not long ago, in an examination in a theological seminary, the question
was asked of the candidates for the ministry, "Is it right to pray for a
change of season?" The candidates thought that it was not, for the
relations which produce winter and summer are fixed in the structure of
the solar system and cannot be altered for man's pleasure or man's need.
"Is it right to pray for rain?" The candidates generally thought that it
was, because the conditions of rain are so unstable that a little change
in one way or another would bring rain or fair weather, and that it was
proper to ask for such change, as it did not concern the economy of the
universe.
The third question was: "When the signal service of the United States is
well established, so that weather conditions are perfectly known, will
it then be right to pray for rain?" And the candidates for the ministry
could not tell, for they began to see that even simple changes of
weather may have the strength of the whole universe behind them. It has
never yet rained when by any possibility it could do otherwise. It has
never failed to rain when rain was possible. The Spanish padres in
California, wise in their generation, allowed prayers for rain only in
winter, when the wind was in the south. The wind is only in the south
when the air is affected by a cyclonic movement, and this in the
California winter means rain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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