This entry may be compared with that of the Windsor Park Tournament quoted above. King René’s book has the advantage of being illustrated with drawings of these and all the other details mentioned in his regulations for a tourney. The brassards shown in the drawing have cords fixed lengthways so as to provide an extra protection against the blow of the mace or wooden sword which René describes as the weapons to be used. Brassards of a similar kind are mentioned in Antoine de la Salle’s _Des anciens tournois et Faictz d’Armes_ (edit. B. Prost., p. 120). 1471. _Inv. du Roi Rene à Angers, fo. 3 vo._ Quatre targetes de cuir bouilly a la facon de Tunes. These targets, made after an Oriental model, would probably resemble those which are frequently seen in India and Persia at the present day, in which the leather is hard and often highly polished and decorated with painting and gilding. The Highland targe is fashioned differently, for the foundation is of wood and the skin or hide stretched over it. 1480. _L’Artillerie des Ducs de Bourogne, Garnier, appendix, p. 230._ Onze gands et huit brasselets de cuir pour archiers. Here the “brasselets” are not arm-defences, but are simply the “bracer” or arm-guard which protected the wrist of the archer from the string of his own bow when released. 1493. _L’advis de gaige de battaille_, O. de la Marche. S’il n’est point gentilhomme il peut combattre selon l’ancienne coustume armé de cuir bouilly. This evidently refers to the regulations laid down by King René in 1450, and suggests that by the end of the fifteenth century they had become obsolete and that full plate armour was the only equipment for the joust or tourney. 1500. _Inv. de Francois Ier. de Luxembourg, p. 6._ Plusiers bardes de chevaux de cuyr de cartes ou cartons. The last-named materials were obviously only employed for parade or masque. They would be early forms of papier-maché, but were probably more like the modern cardboard than the hard papier-maché now in use. 1559. _Notes sur Dioscoride, II, chap. 21_, Matthée. Le cheval marin une beste du Nil [the hippopotamus] de la peau l’on en fait des écus, animes et rondelles; aussi n’y ha il armes n’y poinctures quelles qu’elles soyent qui la puissent transpercer, si premièrement elle n’est baignée. This entry shows clearly that even the hide of the hippopotamus was not held to be weapon-proof till it had been soaked (in water or oil). One of these leather bards exists in the Armeria Reale, Turin, B, 2. It is catalogued as being of hippopotamus hide. A crupper of cuir-bouilli (VI, 89) is the only specimen of leather armour in the Tower. 1630 (_circ._). _Hist. of London, p. 26_, Pennant (1790). Robert Scot ... was the inventor of leather artillery which he introduced into the army of Gustvus Adolphus. 1644. _Military Memoirs of the Great Civil War, p. 42_, Gwynne.