The army behind the armyPowell, E. Alexander (Edward Alexander)
History
The army behind the army
Powell, E. Alexander (Edward Alexander)
United States. Army; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
I might mention, in passing, that in the spring of 1917, just prior to
our entry into the war, the automotive engineers of the United States
met in Washington and, putting aside all thought of commercial rivalry
or profit, or, indeed, of everything save patriotism, designed a
motor-truck which combined the best features of the many trucks which
were then being manufactured, placing at the disposal of the government
designs and patents that were the result of heavy expenditures of time,
money, and talent. This work of standardization was in charge of Mr.
Christian Girl, who was probably better fitted for the task than any man
in the United States. The result was a standardized military motor-truck
which is generally admitted to be the most efficient vehicle of its kind
in existence.
The efficiency of any motor-transport service, no matter how well
equipped with vehicles, must depend primarily upon the efficiency of its
personnel. The finest truck that mechanical genius can design and money
can buy can be ruined in a few hours by the carelessness or ignorance
of its driver. It was quickly realized, therefore, that, if the Motor
Transport Corps was to give efficient service, its officers and men must
be as carefully trained as their fellows in the combatant branches of
the army. The first real training-school for Motor Transport officers
was established by General Pershing in France, its students being
recruited mainly from Americans who had gone overseas prior to our entry
into the war and had entered the French service as camion and ambulance
drivers. These men possessed much practical knowledge, gained in actual
warfare, and a large percentage of them were given commissions in the
Motor Transport Service of the A. E. F. The chief training-centre in the
United States was at Camp Joseph E. Johnston, on the St. John’s River,
near Jacksonville, Fla., and a smaller one was later organized at Camp
Meigs, in the District of Columbia. Using as a basis of instruction
the curriculum adopted by the A. E. F., the officers and men at these
camps were given a very thorough course of training in all phases of
motor-transport work, including road-training, tactics, maintenance
and repair of cars, and a certain amount of infantry drill in order to
inculcate discipline. But with the growth of the army increased training
facilities became imperative, it being estimated that between 20,000 and
30,000 men per month would be required by the Motor Transport Corps. In
fact, requirements from overseas for men for operations up to July 1,
1919, was placed at upward of 231,000 officers and men. In order to train
these men and organize them into the proposed units, it was planned to
establish motor-transport training-centres at Camp Bowie, Texas; Fort
Sheridan, Illinois; Camp Frémont, California; Camp Wheeler, Georgia, and
Camp Taylor, Kentucky, which, in conjunction with the schools already in
operation at Camp Joseph E. Johnston and Camp Meigs, and other schools
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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