The Art and the Romance of Indian Basketry: Clark Field Collection, Philbrook Art Center, Tulsa, 1964Field, Clark
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The Art and the Romance of Indian Basketry: Clark Field Collection, Philbrook Art Center, Tulsa, 1964
Field, Clark
Indian baskets -- North America
It is the intent of the writer to record a simple phase of basketry
technique in the southern middle Atlantic slope and the northern part of
the south and southeast area, as it applies to the Cherokee of the North
Carolina highlands and of Oklahoma. In these areal habitats the two
subdivisions of the tribe make use of three diverse plant types, the use
of which in basketry construction in some districts does not overlap or
coincide. In Carolina an earlier root-runner style has either passed out
of memory or never existed among the Cherokee Indians, but came in later
through acculturative changes. As far as has been ascertained, all fine
root runner fibers used in the making of Indian baskets belong to two
family groups, the botanical names of which are Caprifoliceae and
Crataegus.
To the first family group belong:
Japanese Honeysuckle (Lonicera Japonica)
A vine introduced into America from Asia around 1906.[2]
Buckbrush (Symphoricarpos Orbiculatus)
Also called Indian Currant and Coral Berry.
To the second family belong:
Wild Hawthorne (Crataegus Crus Galli)
The Yuki Indians of California made a basket out of the stems of a
native honeysuckle (Lonicera Interrupta). It, however does not
have fine root runners.[3]
ROOT RUNNER BASKETS IN VIRGINIA
[Illustration: Root Runner Basket]
The Rappahannock Indians of Virginia make a basket of Japanese
honeysuckle root runners of a wicker type weave which is crude in
weaving technique in comparison with baskets from North Carolina.
(Rappahannock of Virginia.) Quoting Dr. Speck, “The art was revived by
some of the women in 1922, when the Indian Association was formed. Susie
and Lizzie Nelson, old Bob Nelson and other Rappahannock Indians made
these baskets at that time. Chief Otto Nelson, his wife Susie, and
Lizzie Nelson remember that when they were young about 1890, their
grandmother Sallie Ronnie, who was then about 60 years old, had a
honeysuckle sewing basket shaped like an oval bowl, similar in weave to
the baskets mentioned above.
“There is a native local, variety of Red Honeysuckle (Lonicera
sempervirens) in Virginia which is not a ground runner but clings for
six feet or so to trees and fences; it is finer stemmed than the
Japanese variety and Indian women of the Rappahannock tribe have agreed
to weave with it. All honeysuckle runners are kept soaked in water to
preserve their pliability for weaving. They can be gathered and woven at
any time of the year if treated in this manner.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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