Baumé’s Hydrometer 71 Nicholson’s Hydrometer 73 Hydrometers with two, three, or four branches 74 Manometers 74 Mariotte’s Tube 75 Phosphoric Fire-bottle 75 Pulsometer 75 Pump 76 Retorts for Chemical Experiments 76 Rumford’s Thermoscope 77 Syphons 78 Spoons 80 Spirit Level 80 Test Glass with a foot 80 Thermometers 81 Ordinary Thermometer 81 Dial Thermometer 83 Chemical Thermometer 84 Spiral Thermometer 85 Pocket Thermometer 86 Maximum Thermometer 86 Minimum Thermometer 86 Bellani’s Maximum Thermometer 87 Differential Thermometer 87 Thermoscope 77 Tubes bent for various purposes 88 Vial of the four Elements 90 Water Hammer 91 Welter’s Safety Tubes 92 V. _Graduation of Chemical and Philosophical Instruments_ 93 Of the substances employed in the preparation of these instruments 93 Of Graduation in general 94 Examination of the Bore of Tubes 95 Division of Capillary Tubes into parts of equal Capacity 95 Graduation of Gas Jars, Test Tubes, &c. 97 Graduation of Hydrometers 99 Graduation of Barometers 103 Graduation of the Manometer 105 Graduation of Thermometers 105 Graduation of Rumford’s Thermoscope 112