The art of music. Vol. 01 (of 14) : $b The pre-Classic periods
History
The art of music. Vol. 01 (of 14) : $b The pre-Classic periods
Music -- History and criticism; Musicians
It should be added that, under the auspices of the 'Plain-song and
Mediæval Music Society’ of England, researches have been carried on,
resulting in the publication of two volumes,[93] the first containing
photographic reproductions of sixty of the most notable examples of
English harmonized music prior to the fifteenth century, the second
transcriptions thereof into modern musical notation, with explanatory
notes. The majority of the examples are written for two voices, and
some for three: none of these, however, can compare, in regard to
workmanship, with the 'Sumer’ canon, which is also included in the
collection.
Not until the beginning of the fifteenth century do we find actual
evidence of a school, and it is interesting to note the points
of resemblance between it and the first Netherland school. Both
are characterized by a reliance on the plain-chant melody, by a
conventional opening, a lack of sensitiveness to discords, an avoidance
of the third in the closing chord, and an absence of harmonic effects.
Compared with the old French school, however, they show a genuine
progress in the abolition of the harsher discords, the use of the third
in cadences not final, and in the more frequent employment of imitation.
Representatives of the early English school, it is important to note,
were divided into two distinct branches, one remaining for the most
part on English soil, while the other identified itself almost wholly
with continental schools, and, in respect to style, seems to belong
to them. In this latter group was John Dunstable, born about 1390, in
Dunstable, England. He died in 1453, and is buried in St. Stephen’s,
Walbrock, where an epitaph was said to be inscribed on 'two faire
plated stones in the Chancell, each by other.’ Another, written by the
Abbot of St. Albans, is headed:
'Upon John Dunstable, an astrologian,
A mathematician, a musitian, and what not,’
and the six lines of elegiac Latin which follow bestow upon him
heartfelt praise.
Dunstable was a writer of songs both sacred and secular. One of
the latter, _O Rosa bella_, was discovered in the Vatican in 1847,
and is one of the most beautiful specimens of the age. Of the two
compositions in the possession of the British Museum, one is a sort of
musical enigma, a form of composition quite in vogue among the later
Netherlanders. The other is a work in three parts of some length,
without words, and is found in a splendid volume of MS. music formerly
belonging to Henry VIII. Four sacred compositions, two songs, and two
motets are in the archives of the Liceo Filarmonico of Bologna.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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