_Piper of Dundee_ (Scotch song), 113. Pitch, determination of (vocal), 11f. Placing of the voice. See Voice placing. Plato, 167. Poetry, ancient, in relation to song, 75ff. Polish folk-songs, 128f. Polyphonic style, influence of, on vocal culture, 35ff. Polyphony, 149, 153, 166; (modern), 362. Primitive song. See Folk-song. Protestant Church. See Lutheran Church. Provençal song. See Troubadours and Trouvères. Psychological theory of tone production, 28f. Psychology (in relation to music), 245f. ‘Psychology of Singing’ (Taylor), 28. Purcell, Henry, 169f. R Rachmaninoff, Sergei, 128, 369. Raff, Joachim, 312. Ramis de Pareja, 37. Range of human voice, 14. Ravel, Maurice, 358, _362f_. Realism, in songs of Schubert, 210f. Recitative, (influence of, on solo singing), 42; (compared with declamation), 202f; (in songs of Schubert), 241. Recitativo secco, 156. [_The_] _Red Sarafan_ (Russian folk-song), 127. Reformation, 147, 150. Reger, Max, 340ff, 371. Registers, vocal, 11ff, 61f. Reichardt, Johann Friedrich, 192f, 195. Reimann, Heinrich (cited), 125f. Reinecke, Karl, 255f. Religion, influence of, on primitive song, 78. _Remember the Glories of Brian the Brave_ (Irish folk-song), 114. Renaissance, 150. Representative style, 162. See also Monodic style. Resonance, laws of, 58. Resonance cavities, 1, 2f, 13ff; (control of), 62ff. Respiratory system, 2ff. Rimsky-Korsakoff, Nicholas, 365f. Rhythm, (in primitive song), 83; (in Italian folk-songs), 120; (in Spanish song), 121f; (in Hungarian music), 124f. Roman church (early vocal culture in), 33ff; (introduction of popular music), 148. Romance, (French), 166; (in French opera), 179f. Romantic poetry, 231ff. Romantic song, 231ff; (in France), 258ff; (after Schumann), 296ff; (in Russia, Scandinavia and England), 364ff. Romanticism, (Schubert), 186f; (Schumann), 248f. Ropartz, J. Guy, 318. Rousseau, Jean Jacques, 179f. Rubinstein, Anton, 127, _323ff_, 364. _Rule Britannia_, 171f. Russia, (Glinka), 257; (late romantics), 298, 323ff; (modern lyricists), 364ff. Russian folk-songs, 105, _125ff_, 364ff. S Sachs, Hans, 146. Saint-Saëns, Camille, 315ff. _Sally in Our Alley_ (Carey), 171. Savart, Félix, 56. Scales, 84, 86; (modern), 152f; (major), 165. See also Whole-tone scale. Scandinavia (modern), 369f. Scandinavian folk-songs, 123, 299, 301f. Scarlatti, Alessandro, 156f, 159, 161. _O cessate di piagarmi_, 157. Scena, 202. Schiller, 199. Schönberg, Arnold, 342ff. Schopenhauer (cited), 87. Schrecker, Franz, 345.