[_Die_] _Meistersinger_ (Wagner), 142. Melody (in primitive song), 76, 83f; (in early folk-song), 153f; (modern French school), 348ff, 363. Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix, 107, 254f. Mengozzi, Bernardo, 49f. Mercadante, Giuseppe, 265f. Merkel, Karl Ludwig, 58. Methfessel, Albert Gottlieb, 229. Méthode de Chant du Conservatoire de Musique, 49f. Methods (vocal), standardization of, 59. Meyer-Helmund, Eric, 312. Mezzo-soprano, 62. Minnesingers, (rise of), 141ff; (nature and value of their songs), 143f. Minor mode, in Russian folk-song, 127f. Minstrels, 25, 75, 77, 131ff. Modern scientific methods, of vocal culture, 55-69. Modes. See Major mode, Minor mode; Ionian mode; Lydian mode. Modes, ecclesiastical, 135, 145, 152. Modulation (Schubert), 208f. _Mon Cri Cra, Tir’ la Liretta_ (French-Canadian folk-song), 375. Monodic style, 39, 153ff, 162, 172f. Monpou, François Louis Hippolyte, 265. Monsigny, Pierre Alexandre, 116, 180. Monteverdi, Claudio, 43, 155, 159, 172f. Moore, [Sir] Thomas, 113f. Möricke, Eduard, 331. Moszkowski, Moritz, 326. Moussorgsky, Modeste, 128, 365, 367f. Mouth (in singing), 3. Mouth-pharynx, 14ff; (resonance), 63ff. Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 178, 187ff, 205. _The Violet_, 178. Müller, Johannes, 56. Muset, Colin, jongleur, 134. Musette, 166. Musical education, viii-ff. Musset, Alfred de, 261. N Nägeli, Hans Georg, 229. Nahua Indians, 86. Naples, folk-songs of, 119. See also Italian folk-songs. Napoleon I, 183, 260f. Nasal resonance, 14ff, 62ff. Naumann, Karl Ernst, 143. Neapolitan folk-songs, 119. See also Italian folk-songs. Nevin, Ethelbert, 322f. Newman, Ernest (cited), 334. Norway (folk-songs), 123; (modern song-writers), 369. See also Scandinavia. Norwegian folk-songs, 369. Nose (in singing), 3. _[Le] Nuove Musiche_ (Caccini), 47ff. O _O, Mama mia_ (Italian folk-song), 119. _O, ma tendre Musette_ (French folk-song), 116. ‘Observations on the Florid Song’ (Tosi), 49. ‘Ode to Joy’ (Schiller), 192. Odes, German, 175. Old Italian Method, 24-25, 68f. Opera (rise of), 151f, 155ff; (in England), 170ff; (German), 176, 228; (Italian), 164, 172ff. Opéra comique, 166, 179. Oratorio, 151, 156. Orient, music of, 42. Ornamentation, 31f, 39ff, 124f. Overtones, vocal, 15. P Paesiello, Giovanni, 161f. Pagan song, 130ff. Palate (in singing), 15. Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi, 38. Paris Conservatory, vocal method of, 49f. Part-song, 149f, 153. _[Le] Pauvre laboureur_ (French folk-song), 116. Pentatonic scale, in Scotch folk-songs, 112. Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 161. ‘Persian Songs’ (Rubinstein), 325. Pharynx, 3. Philidor, François-André-Danican, 180. Philip Augustus, King of France, 133. Pianoforte, 231. Pianoforte style, 236ff, 240, 295. Pierné, Gabriel, 318. Pinsuti, Caro, 266.