The art of music, Vol. 07 (of 14) : $b Pianoforte and chamber music
History
The art of music, Vol. 07 (of 14) : $b Pianoforte and chamber music
Music -- History and criticism; Musicians
On the other hand, the emphasis laid upon rhythm may give the
individual movements more obvious charm than the fugue is likely
to exert. Furthermore, though the scope of the movements is more
restricted than that of the fugue, the form is freer. And the neat
balance of structure, with its two repeated sections, is undoubtedly
more sympathetic to our modern ear than the involved architecture of
the fugue. Lastly, though the sequence of allemande, courante, bourrée,
gigue and other conventional movements may give us too much of a good
thing, the sarabande does afford that striking point of contrast which
is the precious asset of the great cyclic forms, whether sonata, string
quartet, or symphony.
Bach wrote three complete sets of suites: the so-called French suites,
which seem to have been written for his second wife during the time of
his stay at Cöthen; the English suites,[20] and the ‘Partitas,’ which
we may call the German suites. Both the English suites and the Partitas
were written at Leipzig, and the latter were among the few works
engraved and printed during his lifetime.
Inasmuch as the form of the suite, its sequence and normal number of
movements, had been clearly defined both by Froberger and Kuhnau some
time before Bach began to write, he cannot be said to have assisted in
its creation, as he did in the creation of the fugue. From the point of
view of form he neither added anything nor, strictly speaking, improved
upon what he inherited. What he did do was to expand the limits of the
various movements to great and noble proportions, and to fill them with
a wealth of musical vigor and imagination hardly suggested before his
day in any instrumental music except Corelli’s.
The French suites are the simplest and the most conventional. The style
of them is unquestionably lighter than that of the later suites; but
this may well be due less to an attempt to write in the _style galant_
of Couperin, than to a desire to compose music technically within
the grasp of his young and charming second wife. The sequence of the
movements is conventional. All six have as their first three movements
the normal allemande, courante and sarabande. All close with a gigue.
Between the sarabande and the gigue he placed a number of extra dances,
two minuets in the first suite, an air and minuet in the second, two
minuets and an _Anglaise_ in the third. The fourth and fifth have each
three of these _intermezzi_, including gavottes, a bourrée and a loure;
and the last has an odd group of four, consisting of a gavotte, a
polonaise, a bourrée and a minuet. Only two of the courantes follow the
French model with its complicated shifting rhythm. The others are of
the more rapid Italian style.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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