American prose literature; English prose literature; Narration (Rhetoric)
Macaulay in the introduction to his essay on Hallam deplores the fact
that the writers of history of his day, exact and accurate though
they may be, “present no scene to the imagination.” “To make the past
present, to bring the distant near, to place us in the society of a
great man or on the eminence which overlooks the scene of a mighty
battle, to invest with the reality of human flesh and blood beings
whom we are too much inclined to consider as personified qualities
in an allegory, to call up our ancestors before us with all their
peculiarities of language, manners and garb, to show us over their
houses, to seat us at their tables, to rummage their old-fashioned
wardrobes, to explain the uses of their ponderous furniture”--these,
he writes, are “parts of the duty which properly belongs to the
historian.” And such an historian Macaulay assuredly was; indeed,
he was so entirely true to his idea and ideal of history that his
portrayal of English life and events for only fifteen years fills
five volumes of closely printed pages.
Yet it is to Macaulay that the writer of historical narrative must
turn both for precept and for example. _To present a scene to the
imagination_ must be his motive and aim, and he will do well to look
to Macaulay as to a master in this interesting field of narrative
writing.
His subjects may come, as did those of Macaulay, from anywhere and
everywhere. He may choose to depict an incident of warfare, such as
the story of the Black Hole of Calcutta from the essay on Lord Clive,
or the account of a journey, such as Francis Parkman’s narration of
the winter journey of La Salle. For either of these subjects American
history is filled with suggestions. One has but to think of familiar
names from General Braddock to Custer, from Ponce de Leon and De Soto
to Lewis and Clark to become convinced of the richness of material
within our own borders. More interesting than wars and explorations,
however, may be narratives of pioneer life in the Middle West, or
accounts of the trials and executions of such persons as Joan of Arc,
Mary, Queen of Scots, Edith Cavell, Charles I, or incidents in the
life of some historical personage written with a view to character
portrayal. Truly the sources for historical narrative are limitless.
A study of the succeeding selections will show you that the following
characteristics are evident in the best historical narratives:
1. A wealth of vivid detail by which Macaulay’s ideal of _presenting
the scene to the imagination_ is realized.
This is especially well shown in Froude’s story of the marriage of
Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn.
2. A careful adaptation of the style to the subject at hand.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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