On the Coloring matters of Flowers Bleaching Bees' Wax Chemical Examination of Naples Soap Manufacture of Soap How to Ascertain the Commercial Value of Soap On the Natural Fats Perfumes as Preventives of Mouldiness BASTICK on Fusel Oil BASTICK'S Pine Apple Flavor WAGNER'S Essence of Quince Preparation of Rum-ether Artificial Fruit essences Volatile Oil of Gaultheria Application of Chemistry to Perfumery Correspondence from the Journal of the Society of Arts Quantities of Ottos yielded by various Plants French and English Weights and Measures compared Illustrations. Drying House, Mitcham, Surrey, (Frontispiece.) Smelling, from the Dresden Gallery, (Vignette.) Pipette, to draw off small Portions of Otto from Water Tap Funnel for separating Ottos from Waters, and Spirits from Oil The Almond Styrax Benzoin Cassie Buds The Clove The Jasmine The Orange The Patchouly Plant Santal-Wood Tonquin Vanilla Vitivert Civet Cat Musk Pod Musk Deer The Censer Perfume Lamp Slab Soap Gauge Barring Gauge Squaring Gauge Soap Scoops Soap Press Moulds Soap Plane Oil Runner THE ART OF PERFUMERY. INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY. SECTION I. "By Nature's swift and secret working hand The garden glows, and fills the liberal air With lavish odors. There let me draw Ethereal soul, there drink reviving gales, Profusely breathing from the spicy groves And vales of fragrance."--THOMSON. Among the numerous gratifications derived from the cultivation of flowers, that of rearing them for the sake of their perfumes stands pre-eminent. It is proved from the oldest records, that perfumes have been in use from the earliest periods. The origin of this, like that of many other arts, is lost in the depth of its antiquity; though it had its rise, no doubt, in religious observances. Among the nations of antiquity, an offering of perfumes was regarded as a token of the most profound respect and homage. Incense, or Frankincense, which exudes by incision and dries as a gum, from _Arbor-thurifera_, was formerly burnt in the temples of all religions, in honor of the divinities that were there adored. Many of the primitive Christians were put to death because they would not offer incense to idols. "Of the use of these luxuries by the Greeks, and afterwards by the Romans, Pliny and Seneca gives much information respecting perfume drugs, the method of collecting them, and the prices at which they sold. Oils and powder perfumery were most lavishly used, for even three times a day did some of the luxurious people anoint and scent themselves, carrying their precious perfumes with them to the baths in costly and elegant boxes called NARTHECIA." In the Romish Church incense is used in many ceremonies, and particularly at the solemn funerals of the hierarchy, and other personages of exalted rank.