The Art of Preserving All Kinds of Animal and Vegetable Substances for Several Years, 2nd ed.: A work published by the order of the French minister of the interior, on the report of the Board of arts and manufacturesAppert, Nicolas
Science
The Art of Preserving All Kinds of Animal and Vegetable Substances for Several Years, 2nd ed.: A work published by the order of the French minister of the interior, on the report of the Board of arts and manufactures
Appert, Nicolas
Canned foods
In the year 12, having reason to hope that I should be employed to
provide some nourishing provisions for the sick on board his majesty’s
vessels, in consequence of some experiments which had already been made
in the sea-ports, by order of _his Excellency the Minister of the
Marine and Colonies_, on alimentary productions preserved according
to my method; I made the necessary arrangement for fulfilling the
orders I had reason to expect. In consequence, that I might not want
too many bottles and jars, and that I might be able to condense the
substance of eight messes in a bottle of the size of one _litre_, I
made the following experiment. As, in general, evaporation cannot take
place, but at the expence of the object to be condensed,[I] I made some
gravy, in the proportion of two pounds of good meat and poultry to one
_litre_. My gravy being made, and strained and suffered to become
cool, I put it in bottles. After having well corked, and tied the
bottles and wrapped them in bags, I placed them in the boiler. I had
taken out, when one quarter dressed, the best pieces of the beef and
poultry. When these were grown cold, I put them in jars, and filled the
jars with the same gravy. Having well corked, luted, tied and wrapped
up these jars, I set them upright in the same boiler with the bottles
of gravy. Having filled the boiler with cold water up to the rim of the
bottles and jars, and having covered the lid of the boiler with a wet
linen cloth, I heated the water-bath. When it was made to boil I kept
up the same degree of heat for two hours, and completed this operation
as I did the preceding.
[I] Jellies, essences of meat, the substance of ice and portable soups,
which are prepared from the soft and white parts of animals, preserved
at a great expence by means of evaporation, and drying in stoves with
the aid of hartshorn and isinglass, furnish merely factitious aliments,
without flavour or any other than a burnt or mouldy taste.
The beef and fowls were found well dressed, and were kept, as well as
the gravy, for more than two years.
§ IX.
_Broth, or Jelly._
I composed this jelly, according to the prescription of a physician,
of calves feet and lights, red cabbage, carrots, turnips, onions, and
leeks, taking a sufficient quantity of each. A quarter of an hour
before I took this jelly from the fire, I added some sugar-candy with
some Senegal gum. I strained it as soon as it was made. After it was
cold it was put in bottles, which were corked, tied, wrapped up in
bags, and put in the water-bath, which was kept boiling one quarter of
an hour, and this jelly was preserved and remained as good as it was
the day on which it was made.
§ X.
_Round of Beef, Fillet of Mutton, Fowls and young Partridges._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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