The Arts and Crafts of Older Spain, Volume 2 (of 3)Williams, Leonard
History
The Arts and Crafts of Older Spain, Volume 2 (of 3)
Williams, Leonard
Decorative arts -- Spain -- History
Other remarkable _aleros_ are in the Generalife and in the Court of
Lions of the Alhambra, while, also in this last-named mansion, genuine
Moorish woodwork of elaborately inlaid ebony and larch is in two niches
near the entrance to the Sala de Embajadores.
SACRED STATUARY, _SILLERÍAS_ OR CHOIR-STALLS, AND _RETABLOS_
The genius of the wood-carvers of older Spain is manifested chiefly in
three groups of objects--sacred statuary, choir-stalls, and _retablos_.
Among this people, and probably by reason of its cheapness, plain, or
gilt, or polychrome painted wood has always been a favourite material
for the statues of their temples, whether such statues were employed
alone, or as an accessory to a larger article of sacred furniture, such
as a pulpit, or a _sillería_, or an altar-screen. So powerful, in fact,
has been the vogue of this material here,[48] that even to-day the
Spanish people, making, in Symonds' happy phrase, "representation an
object in itself, independently of its spiritual significance," attempt
to elevate the most remarkable of their wooden, and by preference their
coloured wooden, statuary (typically defended by Pacheco's indigested
tome), to rank beside the noblest and the purest monuments of bronze and
marble; denoting, by this reckless and uneducated partiality, a
positively national misconception of the true domain of art.
[48] My readers are no doubt aware that every Spanish hamlet has its
wooden image of the Virgin, badly executed as a rule, and rendered
doubly hideous by a gaudy gown. Most of these local images are
believed to hold the power of working miracles, or at least to
have been fashioned and conducted to their present shrine by
supernatural agency--on which account the populace and their
pastors call these latter _imagenes aparecidas_, as distinct from
_manufactured_ images. Such are the Virgins of Montserrat, Granada,
and numerous other cities, towns, or villages of this illiterate
and ill-starred Peninsula. The curious may refer for every kind of
detail to Villafañe's _Compendious History of the Wonder-working
Images of Spain_, which numbered in this author's day (his book was
published in 1740) one hundred and eighty-nine. But the most
extraordinary miracle of all was that which is recalled, with pious
gravity, by Bertaut de Rouen. Speaking of the gilt-wood image of
Nuestra Señora del Pilar at Zaragoza, he says:--"On y void quantité
de lampes d'argent et on m'en raconta un miracle qu'il me fut
impossible de ne pas croire. C'est d'un pauvre homme qui ayant eu
la jambe coupée pour une blessure, et s'estant bien recommandé à
_Nostra Señora del Pilar_, il se trouva un jour avec sa mesme jambe
qu'il avoit déja fait enterrer. Y'ay sceu l'histoire du chirurgien
mesme qui coupa cette jambe et de quantité de témoins de veuë. Il
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