The ascendancy of France, 1598-1715Wakeman, Henry Offley
History
The ascendancy of France, 1598-1715
Wakeman, Henry Offley
Europe -- History -- 17th century
The first thing was to crush military opposition. At the end of March
the Swedes were again in the field. On the 31st Gustavus entered
Nuremberg in triumph and received an enthusiastic welcome. On April
5th he captured Donauwörth, on the 14th he found Tilly entrenched
behind the Lech, forced the passage of the river, stormed the enemies’
position, and drove back the old marshal to Ingolstadt wounded to
death. Bavaria was at his feet. Side by side with the Elector Palatine
he rode into Munich on the 7th of May. There was now no enemy left to
be dealt with except the Emperor, and the dominions of the Hapsburgs
were still in far too disorganised a state to be able to offer much
opposition. Even the Saxons had marched unopposed into Bohemia, and
when Gustavus was celebrating his triumph with the winter-king at
Munich, John George, who had done more than any one else to oust
Frederick from Bohemia, was keeping high festival himself at Prague.
[Sidenote: =Wallenstein appealed to by the Emperor.=]
It was not for long. There was but one man in all wide Europe who
could save Ferdinand from the storm just breaking upon his head, for
there was but one capable of drawing to himself and binding together
into an organised army the soldiers of fortune who were scattered all
over the civilised world. In December, Eggenberg, Ferdinand’s most
trusted counsellor, had been sent to Wallenstein to ask him to forgive
the past and strike one more blow for the defence of the House of
Austria. Wallenstein eagerly seized the opportunity, for circumstances
had played singularly into his hand. The victories of Gustavus had
drawn the teeth of Maximilian and the League. The necessities of the
Emperor must force him to agree to whatever terms were demanded. The
long wished for moment had arrived when he at the head of an army,
wholly his own, owing no allegiance to the Emperor, might become the
dictator of Germany, and, ousting from her soil all foreigners except
himself, might impose peace upon Germany on the basis of religious
toleration. [Sidenote: =His terms.=] The terms which he exacted
from the Emperor forbid any doubt as to his intentions. No army was
to be allowed in the Empire except under his command, he alone was
to have the right of pardoning offenders and confiscating lands.
[Sidenote: =Appointed dictator.=] The Edict of Restitution was to
be withdrawn. In other words, he was to be the military and political
dictator of Germany. The terms were accepted, his standard raised.
From Italy, Scotland, Ireland, as well as from every part of Germany,
flocked to him men eager for distinction and more eager for plunder,
without distinction of nationality and without distinction of religion.
In May 1632, his organisation was completed. [Sidenote: =His plan
of campaign.=] Falling suddenly upon the Saxons at Prague he drove
them headlong out of Bohemia, then turning swiftly to the left directed
his main army upon the rich and Protestant Nuremberg, while Pappenheim
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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