The Aswân Obelisk: With some remarks on the Ancient Engineering — John Shaqi
The Aswân Obelisk: With some remarks on the Ancient EngineeringEngelbach, Reginald
History
The Aswân Obelisk: With some remarks on the Ancient Engineering
Engelbach, Reginald
Egypt -- Antiquities; Obelisks
High Priest of Amûn, Ramesses-nakhl, Director 1
Civil and military officers of rank 9
Subordinate officers 362
Trained artificers and artists 10
Quarrymen and stone-cutters 130
Gendarmes 50
Slaves 2000
Infantry 5000
Men from Ayan 800
Dead (excluded from total) 900
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8362
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{30}
From this it will be seen that larger parties than our estimate of 5725
were sent much further afield than Aswân, which itself was a garrison
town. It seems to have been the custom to use troops on this unpleasant
kind of fatigue, if captives or pressed gangs were not available in
sufficient numbers.
The only record that we have on the transport of an obelisk is a
passage from the Papyrus Anastasi I (GARDINER, _Egyptian Hieratic
Texts_, Part I, p. 17*, § XIII), in which one scribe called Ḥori writes
to another called Amenemope, accusing him of being unable to calculate
the number of men required to transport an obelisk of given dimensions.
He says: “An obelisk has been newly made . . . . . of 110 cubits in
length of shaft; its pedestal 10 cubits square, the block of its base
making 7 cubits in every direction; it goes in a slope (?) towards the
summit (?), one cubit one finger, its pyramidion one cubit in height
its point measuring two fingers. Add them together (?) so as to make
them into a list (??), so that thou mayest appoint every man needed to
drag it . . . ”
Here the obelisk is very long and thin and has an impossibly short
pyramidion, but in any case such a problem can only be solved by
one who has had previous experience, not only of the friction to be
overcome in the transport of large blocks, but of the nature of the
ground to be traversed. The figures given are only sufficient to
determine the weight of the obelisk.
(29) The largest transportation on land, of which a scene has come down
to us, is that of the winged bull of Nineveh. This is published in
LAYARD, _Discoveries_, pls. X–XVII. The bull is drawn by men pulling on
four cables, and a line of men keeps on placing rollers under the front
of the sleds on which the colossus is attached. Behind it men assist
the overcoming of the initial friction with large handspikes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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