The Attic theatre : $b a description of the stage and theatre of the Athenians, and of the dramatic performances at AthensHaigh, A. E. (Arthur Elam)
History
The Attic theatre : $b a description of the stage and theatre of the Athenians, and of the dramatic performances at Athens
Haigh, A. E. (Arthur Elam)
Athens (Greece) -- Intellectual life; Greek drama -- History and criticism; Theater -- Greece -- Athens -- History -- To 500
In addition to the passages already mentioned, there are two other
places in the extant dramas where the scholiasts say that the ekkyklema
was employed. But they appear to have been mistaken in both cases. The
first instance is in the Thesmophoriazusae. The action of this play
begins before Agathon’s house, but after about three hundred lines is
transferred to the front of Demeter’s temple, where the women hold their
assembly. At this point there is a stage-direction to say that ‘the
Thesmophorion is rolled out’.[628] If these words mean that the scene was
laid in the interior of the temple, and that the ekkyklema was rolled
out in order to represent it, the suggestion is undoubtedly wrong. It
would be absurd to imagine that the rest of the play was transacted on a
small platform like the ekkyklema. But possibly the author of the note
was referring, not to the ekkyklema, but to some mechanism by which he
believed that the necessary change of scene was brought about. The second
place is the well-known scene at the beginning of the Eumenides.[629]
The play opens with the speech of the priestess, delivered in front
of the temple. Then, when she departs, the interior of the temple is
suddenly brought into view, and shows us Orestes kneeling before the
altar, with the sleeping Furies round about him, and Apollo and Hermes
standing close by. To suppose, as the scholiast suggests, that this
effect was produced by the ekkyklema, is hardly possible. The platform
would have been far too small to accommodate a whole tragic chorus,
together with three actors. At the same time, though the explanation of
the scholiast appears impracticable, it is difficult to suggest any other
way in which the scene might have been acted. We cannot assume that the
back-scene was drawn apart, and disclosed the inside of the temple in a
set-piece, after the modern fashion. This mode of revealing interiors was
apparently never used on the Greek stage. If it had been possible, there
would have been no need to invent the ekkyklema. It has been suggested
that the spectacle was not really exhibited to the audience; that Apollo,
Hermes, and Orestes appeared alone in front of the temple; that the ghost
of Clytaemnestra called to the Furies through the temple door; and that
it was not until then that the Furies came into sight, rushing out in
obedience to her summons. But the general character of the scene, and
the expressions used in the course of the dialogue, appear to be fatal
to this supposition.[630] In fact, the difficulty is one for which no
satisfactory solution has yet been found.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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