_Phaps canifrons_ Giebel, Thes. Ornith., 3, 1877, p. 89 (Pelew). _Gallicolumba canifrons canifrons_ Mathews, Syst. Avium Australasianarum, 1, 1927, p. 74 (Pelew). _Gallicolumba canifrons_ Hand-list Japanese Birds, rev., 1932, p. 189 (Palau); Mayr, Amer. Mus. Novit., no. 828, 1936, p. 4 (Palau); Peters, Check-list Birds World, 3, 1937, p. 136 (Palau); Hand-list Japanese Birds, 3d ed., 1942, p. 211 (Babelthuap); Mayr, Birds Southwest Pacific, 1945, p. 290 (Palau); Mayr, Audubon Mag., 47, 1945, p. 282 (Palau); Baker, Smithson. Misc. Coll., vol. 107, no. 15, 1948, p. 62 (Garakayo, Peleliu). _Geographic range._--Micronesia: Palau Islands--Babelthuap, Koror, Garakayo, Peleliu, Ngabad, Angaur. _Characters._--Adult male: A small, ground dove with forehead, crown, sides of head, chin, throat, and breast ashy gray, lighter on forehead, chin, and throat, and washed with "light vinaceous-faun" on breast; occiput, nape and mantle dark "ferruginous"; rest of upper parts glossed with bronze-olive; lesser and middle wing-coverts tipped with metallic purple; wings reddish-brown with dark brown tips; under side of wing reddish-brown to brown; abdomen, vent and under tail-coverts dark grayish-brown; tail colored like back, outer feathers have a paler brown terminal band rather obscure; bill horn colored; feet red; iris brown. Female: A female molting into adult plumage is cinnamon colored, mottled with dark brown; on the back an olive-green sheen is beginning to appear; tail brown with some greenish sheen; tips of tail edged with light brown; bill and feet light brown. _Measurements._--Measurements of six adult males are: wing, 112-119 (115); tail, 65-72 (70); exposed culmen, 15.3-16.1 (15.7); tarsus, 30.1-31.2 (30.8); of one female in postjuvenal molt: wing, 107; tail, 69; exposed culmen, 17.1; tarsus, 30. _Specimens examined._--Total number, 8 (7 males, 1 female), as follows: Palau Islands, USNM--Koror, 1 (Nov. 18)--Garakayo, 2 (Sept. 17, 19)--Peleliu, 2 (Sept. 1, Dec. 5)--Ngabad, 1 (Sept. 11); AMNH--exact locality not given, 1 (Dec. 1). _Food habits._--Stomachs of specimens taken by the NAMRU2 party at Peleliu and Garakayo contained one and one-half to two cc. of hard seeds and seed parts. _Remarks._--The Palau Ground Dove, according to Amadon (1943:19), is a member of a superspecies containing _G. hoedti_ (Wetar), _G. beccarii_ (New Guinea, Bismarcks, Solomons), _G. sanctaecrucis_ (Santa Cruz, New Hebrides), and _G. stairi_ (central Polynesia).