Balkan Peninsula -- History; Eastern question (Balkan)
One fact which lends great probability to this theory is that
undoubtedly, from very early times, the amber deposits of the
Baltic, to which allusion has already been made, were known to the
civilised world; and thus the presence of the trader from the
South among the settlements of the Guttones or Goths is naturally
accounted for. Probably also there was for centuries before the
Christian Era a trade in sables, ermines, and other furs, which
were a necessity in the wintry North and a luxury of kings and
nobles in the wealthier South. In exchange for amber and fur, the
traders brought probably not only golden staters and silver
drachmas, but also bronze from Armenia with pearls, spices, rich
mantles suited to the barbaric taste of the Gothic chieftains. As
has been said, this commerce was most likely carried on for many
centuries. Sabres of Assyrian type have been found in Sweden, and
we may hence infer that there was a commercial intercourse between
the Euxine and the Baltic, perhaps 1300 years before Christ.
A few leading facts with dates should give a fairly clear impression of
the story of the Balkan Peninsula. About 400 B.C. the Macedonian Empire
was being founded. It represented the uprise of a hinterland Greek
people over the decayed greatness of the coast-dwelling Greeks. At that
time the northern part of the Balkan Peninsula was occupied by the Getae
or Dacians. Phillip of Macedon made an alliance with the Getae.
Alexander the Great of Macedonia thrashed them to subjection and carried
a great wave of invasion into Asia from the Balkan Peninsula.
[Illustration: TRAJAN'S COLUMN IN ROME
Commemorates the victories which brought all the Balkan Peninsula under
the Roman sway]
About the year 110 B.C. the Romans first came to the Balkan Peninsula,
finding it inhabited as regards the south by the Greek peoples, as
regards the north by the Getae or Dacians. The southern people were
quickly subdued: the northern people were never really subdued by the
Romans until the time of Trajan (the first century of the Christian
era). He bridged the Danube with a great military bridge at the spot now
known as Turnu-Severin, and Trajan's Column in Rome commemorated the
victories which brought all the Balkan Peninsula under the Roman sway.
Trajan found that the manners and customs of the Dacians were similar to
those of the Germans. These sturdy Dacians were conquered but not
exterminated by the Romans. Dacia across the Danube was made into a
Roman colony, and the present kingdom of Roumania is supposed to
represent the survival of that colony, which was a mixture of Roman and
Dacian blood.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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