It would doubtless be difficult to find, among other animals, any exact
parallel to this curious feature of caribou migration. According to
Charles Schweder, it takes place in the Nueltin Lake region in
September--sometimes as early as the first of the month. Herds up to 200
strong may then be seen moving northward, but generally the numbers are
smaller--say 10 to 30 in a band. Some of the more notable autumnal
movements toward the north, as reported by Charles, were the following:
at Simons’ Lake in 1936 and again in 1938, when herds of fat bucks were
streaming past for a month and a half; likewise at Josie’s Bay in 1940;
and through the Windy Hills and across Windy River in 1943. Fred
Schweder, Jr., said that most of the animals, in returning northward at
this season, cross Windy River 4 miles above its mouth or Windy Bay 4
miles from its head; comparatively few pass the mouths of Windy and
Little rivers. He remarked further that it is mostly bucks, with few
does and fawns, that make the passage on Windy Bay.
More or less evidence of such a movement toward the north in 1947 has
been presented in preceding pages, in the notes for September 6, 7, 11,
14, 20, 24, and 28, October 1, and even October 23. The numbers observed
so involved on each of these days varied from a solitary buck or a doe
with a fawn to about 300 of the animals. On some of these days, however,
other Caribou were observed making their way toward the south. It is
thus obvious that there was no universal impulse among the Caribou of a
given area to move simultaneously in a certain direction.
The general weather conditions on the nine above-mentioned days may be
summarized as follows. Every day but one was largely or wholly cloudy;
snow falling on three days, but ground bare on other days; wind
predominantly from the north; extreme temperatures, 26° and 61°; mean
daily average, 37.5°. Whether or not there is significance in the
matter, it appears that on those days within the period extending from
September 6 to October 1, when the Caribou were not definitely observed
moving northward, the winds were less likely to be northerly.
Furthermore, within this period there was never enough snow to interfere
appreciably with the animals’ feeding on the ground lichens of the
Barrens.
[Illustration: FIG. 1. Half a dozen caribou trails along the
Middle Ridge, looking SE. Ground plants: _Ledum decumbens_,
_Empetrum nigrum_, _Arctostaphylos alpina_, _Loiseleuria
procumbens_, and various lichens, including _Cladonia_. A
miniature “glacier” in the distance. June 24, 1947.]
[Illustration: FIG. 2. Caribou trails on the 50-foot-high Little
River Ridge. _Picea mariana_, _Betula glandulosa_, and _Empetrum
nigrum_. June 19, 1947.]
[Illustration: FIG. 3. A Caribou buck (specimen No. 1065) being
skinned by Fred, Mike, and Rita at the Bear Slough. August 17,
1947.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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