[50] Excesses of a savage barbarity, but upon questionable authority, have been ascribed to the king himself, on his retreat from Limerick. Disappointments might certainly have raised his resentment; at least the outrages committed by his troops contributed to stain the annals of the times; but whether they proceeded from his orders, or his want of authority, was hard to decide. (Macpherson's History of England, vol. i., p. 664.) [51] The particular line of policy that brought this deputation to France, or the cause of Tyrconnell's future regret, is nowhere clearly indicated by the Duke of Berwick. But the treason of Henry Loutrell, during the subsequent stages of the war, is an accepted belief in Ireland and in her history. His secret correspondence with William and Baron Ginkle, and his attempt to surrender Galway, are well authenticated. After the war he received his elder brother's estate and a pension of 2,000 crowns annually from William, and was assassinated in Dublin in the year 1717--"nor could it ever be discovered by whom." (See Berwick's Memoirs, vol. i, p. 97.) [52] Berwick's Memoirs, vol. i., p. 71. [53] Memoirs of the Duke of Berwick. [54] He was, says Taylor, the most respectable of the natural sons of Charles II. [55] Lesley's History of the Civil Wars, &c. [56] The value of the brass money issued by the king in the early part of the war will be better understood from the following extract: 1 Barrel of Wheat, in Brass Money £10 _s._ _d._ 1 Barrel of Malt, " " 9 0 0 1 Quart of Brandy, " " 3 0 0 1 Quart of Ale, " " 0 2 6 1 Pair of Men's Shoes, " " 1 10 0 1 Quart of Salt, " " 1 0 0 [57] Story's Impartial History, 29th, 30th, and 31st of Dec., 1690, and Jan. 1st, 1691. [58] O'Callaghan's remarks on this subject are substantially as follows:--The import of his name, perhaps, marked him out to cooler-headed politicians, as a means of effecting much national good, by exciting the imagination of the people. Ball-dearg O'Donnell was accordingly sent for, to Spain, and arrived at Limerick, August, 1690. (See Greenbook, p. 242.)