XI. Letting in the Light 264 XII. The Passing of Cat Alley 310 XIII. Justice to the Boy 341 XIV. The Band begins to play 385 XV. "Neighbor" the Password 396 XVI. Reform by Humane Touch 413 XVII. The Unnecessary Story of Mrs. Ben Wah and Her Parrot 441 Index 451 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Theodore Roosevelt _Frontispiece_ PAGE One of the Five Points Fifty Years Ago 12 The "Old Church" Tenement 15 An Old Wooster Street Court 17 A Fourth Ward Colony in the Bad Old Days 18 Dens of Death 21 Gotham Court 24 Green Dragon Yard, London 26 A Flagged Hallway in the "Big Flat" 28 Jersey Street Rookeries 32 The Survival of the Unfittest 33 The Rear Tenement grows up 38 Professor Felix Adler 39 A Cellar Dive in the Bend 41 It costs a Dollar a Month to sleep in these Sheds 46 Mulberry Street Police Station. Waiting for the Lodging to open 49 Night in Gotham Court 52 A Mulberry Bend Alley 55 "In the hallway I ran across two children, little tots, who were inquiring their way to the 'Commissioner'" 58 "With his whole hungry little soul in his eyes" 78 One Family's Outlook on the Air Shaft. The Mother said, "Our daughter does not care to come home to sleep" 93 The only Bath-tub in the Block. It hangs in the Air Shaft 103 The Old Style of Tenements, with Yards 106 As a Solid Block of Double-deckers, lawful until now, would appear 106 Richard Watson Gilder 117 The Mott Street Barracks 122 R. Fulton Cutting 128 Alfred Corning Clark Buildings 131 The Riverside Tenements in Brooklyn 141 A Typical East Side Block 146