The Battles in Flanders, from Ypres to Neuve ChapelleDane, Edmund (Military historian)
History
The Battles in Flanders, from Ypres to Neuve Chapelle
Dane, Edmund (Military historian)
World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Belgium
These German forces included:
The troops of General von Deimling liberated by the evacuation of
Antwerp, among them a division of Marines;
The army of the Duke of Wurtemberg, comprising the 22nd, the 23rd,
part of the 24th, the 26th, and the 27th Reserve (Landwehr) Corps;
The army of General von Fabeck, consisting of four Corps and one
division;
The army of the Crown Prince of Bavaria, comprising the Prussian
Guards, the 4th, 7th, 13th, 14th and 19th Corps; the 18th Reserve
Corps; and the 1st Bavarian Reserve Corps.[7]
[7] Some of these German army corps were not complete. A
French Army Bulletin issued in November last stated that
north of the Lys, on October 30, the Germans had fourteen
army corps and four corps of cavalry.
The gathering together of this vast mass of combatants does not appear
to have been completed until October 23 or 24. Such delay as occurred,
though in fact the massing was carried out at remarkable speed, sprang
not from the embodiment of fresh formations, nor from any difficulty
in sending them westward from Germany. In order to make up this force
which was intended to be another spear head, the Germans had creamed
the whole of their fighting front in the West. Having before them the
example of the transfer of the British army from the Aisne, they had
taken a leaf out of the book of the Allies. All save the best of their
Reserve Corps had been distributed along their front. These new levies
released the more reliable and seasoned men alike of the Active army
and of the Landwehr, and the importance of the Battle of Ypres is,
apart from other consequences, that it broke or destroyed the best of
the remaining troops of Germany.
To begin with, the weight of the German counter-offensive was thrown,
not against Ypres, but against the British positions to the west of
Lille. Their objective was to secure La Bassee, the little mining town
on the northern edge of the coalfield, some eight miles to the
south-west of Lille. This point it is now clear they intended to make
the immediate pivot on which to swing round their northern front. As
the British positions at this time stood, communication between Lille
and La Bassee by the main road was cut. There is another point it is
insistent to notice. La Bassee lies at the end of one of the
promontories of the inland "coastline." It was already held by the
Germans and the spur had been strongly entrenched.
Yet another reason dictated the plan. One of the evident objects of
the British operations was to push down the Lys and seize the crossing
and railway junction at Menin. That would not only have gravely
embarrassed the German occupation of Lille, but would equally have
embarrassed a development of their attack between the Lys and the
coast.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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