work bids fair to receive as large if not a larger circulation. To the people of Canada who have advanced and are advancing literature, by subscribing to and supporting literary institutions and productions, I tender my sincere thanks for all the patronage hitherto bestowed upon my humble endeavours to elevate the literature of this, my adopted country, and to perpetuate, in book form, among the “Battles of the World,” CANADA’S ENGAGEMENTS with foreign foes--HER BATTLES BY LAND AND SEA. J. DOUGLAS BORTHWICK. MONTREAL, 24th July 1866. POSTSCRIPT.--Since the above Preface has been in type events which were looked for, have transpired in Europe and by the accounts received some battles have already been fought on Continental soil. As far as practicable, insertion will be given to those of which we have received reliable information as regarding statistics, &c. J. D. B. CYCLOPÆDIA OF THE BATTLES OF THE WORLD. A. ABDICATION OF KINGS.--Numerous in ancient history. The following are those of the most remarkable character and greatest political importance: Henry IV. of Germany A.D. 1080 Baliol of Scotland “ 1306 Charles V. of Germany “ 1556 James II. of England “ 1688 Philip V. of Spain “ 1724 Napoleon April 5, 1814 Charles X. of France Aug. 2, 1830 Louis Philippe “ Feb. 24, 1848 Ferdinand of Austria. Dec. 2, 1848 ABOUKIR.--Commonly called the Battle of the Nile. Fought between the French and English fleets August 1st, 1798. (See NILE.) ABRAHAM, HEIGHTS OF.--Commonly called the Taking of Quebec, or the Battle of the Plains of Abraham. Fought September 13th, 1759. (See QUEBEC.) ACAPULCO SHIP.--This was the celebrated prize. A Spanish galleon, from Acapulco, laden with gold and precious wares, and estimated by some annalists at £1,000,000 sterling and upwards, taken by Lord Anson, who had previously acquired in his memorable voyage booty amounting to £600,000. Admiral Anson arrived at Spithead, in the _Centurion_, with his immense gains, after having circumnavigated the globe, June 15th, 1744.