Locality and sex. C. Th. L. Ca. Total. Newport, Rhode Island, male 7 9 10 20 46 Barnegat City, New Jersey, female 7 9 11 18(+1?) 46(?) Charleston, South Carolina, female 7 10 10 16(+3?) 46(?) Holma, Sweden (Malm) 7 10 10 18(+1) 46 Pisa Museum (Van Beneden) 7 9 11 16+ 43+ Warrington, New Zealand (Scott and 7 10 9 20 46 Parker) Lyttleton Harbor, New Zealand 7 9 11 19 46 (Haast) Buenos Ayres, Argentina 7 10 10 22 49 (Burmeister), male In the figures of the Argentine specimen the last ten caudals are practically without characters, and it is perhaps allowable to question whether the terminal two or three were not added to make an even taper to the end of the column. If such be not the case, this specimen had more vertebræ than any other. CHARACTERS OF THE VERTEBRÆ. _Newport_ (male).—The seventh cervical vertebra presents a conical metapophysis, which on the first thoracic vertebra forms of a rather thick, long, declining process ending in a facet for the tubercle of the first rib. This metapophysis maintains nearly the same form as far as the sixth thoracic vertebra, but on the third thoracic a mammiliform process makes its appearance on the anterior margin near the tip, and becomes more prominent on each succeeding vertebra. On the seventh thoracic it becomes larger, thin, and upright, and widely separated from the articular facet for the tubercle of the rib. On the centrum of this vertebra lower down is a second much larger rugose articular facet. On the eighth thoracic vertebra the upper articular process disappears altogether and is replaced by a transverse process on a lower level, with a facet at the free end for the rib. On the ninth thoracic the transverse processes are larger and nearly straight. They are longer on the first lumbar and incline a little forward. Those of the succeeding vertebræ are similar, but decrease gradually in length, while somewhat increasing in breadth. They are last traceable on the ninth caudal. On the eighth caudal they are perforated by a foramen. All the vertebræ from the first cervical backward have neural spines as far as and including the eleventh caudal. The spine on the first thoracic is rather short, narrow and pointed. These spines increase in height in succeeding vertebræ as far as the sixth lumbar; at the same time the breadth increases antero-posteriorly and the tip becomes expanded. The spines are nearly equally high on all the succeeding lumbars, but begin to decrease on the caudals and disappear altogether on the eleventh caudal.