Child development; Infant psychology; Motor ability in children
Professor Preyer and most other observers have tried to account for
this persistent drift of everything to the baby’s mouth by the theory
of taste association: the baby’s most agreeable experience has been
that of tasting milk, and so he connects all pleasure with the idea
of getting things to his mouth. This seems to me quite untenable. An
association between taste and the feeling of something in the mouth
would not be formed unless the two occurred together quite regularly;
and what with the washing out of a baby’s mouth each time he is nursed,
and the frequent stumbling in of his hands, and later the deliberate
sucking of fists, he finds tasteless objects there oftener than milk.
Again, it is not the movement of the hands up to the mouth that would
become associated with food, but rather the feeling of being laid at
the breast (which our baby did in fact associate early with food, as I
have related). And in the third place, there is not the least evidence
that taste is the most agreeable experience of young babies; on the
contrary, the tests go to show that they have a low taste sensibility.
The craving of hunger, of course, is an intense feeling in babies,
and its satisfaction (rather than taste pleasure) is greatly enjoyed;
but except just at the hungry moment, they pay far more attention to
looking, and hearing, and feeling than to eating. Our baby, after the
first edge of hunger was off, was always ready to desert the breast to
look at something interesting. She would nurse a little, then throw
herself back on her mother’s arm to smile up into her face. She cried
quite as hard over being obliged to lie down, where she could not look
around her, as over being hungry; and getting her meal caused no such
marked signs of pleasure as light and motion, the bath, and the free
use of her own powers.
Some babies are hungrier than ours was, and some are like her; but I
think close observation would show all alike more taken up with their
higher powers than with food. And as all alike put everything into
their mouths when they first learn to grasp, we must find some other
reason for the act than food association.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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