The Biotic Associations of Cockroaches — John Shaqi
The Biotic Associations of CockroachesRoth, Louis M. (Louis Marcus)
Science
The Biotic Associations of Cockroaches
Roth, Louis M. (Louis Marcus)
Cockroaches; Insects -- Ecology
_Virginia._--In decaying chestnut and pine logs; taken six times in
chestnut and once in pine (Hebard, 1917). In rotten logs in deep ravines
of moist woods (Davis, 1926).
_Appalachian Mountains, U.S._--In southern Virginia and eastern
Tennessee, it is usually quite abundant in well-forested areas at
elevations from 3,000 to 5,000 feet; "sometimes even a majority of the
dead logs on a mountain side have roaches in them" (Cleveland et al.,
1934). This cockroach not only lives in rotten, dead logs but also in
sound logs that have been down only a few years. In Virginia it is found
more often in chestnut and hemlock. "It occurs fairly often in oak, and
has been found in pine, spruce, and arbor vitae.... There is little
evidence that they ever leave the log and enter the ground" (Cleveland
et al., 1934).
=Cryptocercus relictus=
_Eastern Manchuria._--In great numbers under rotting fallen trees and in
rotten dead wood (Bei-Bienko, 1950).
=Cutilia soror=
_Marquesas Islands._--Males under stones and dead log (Hebard, 1933a).
_Hawaii._--In soil about roots of pineapple (Illingworth, 1927). Often
found about roots of grasses and weeds and other debris (Williams et
al., 1931). Under stones and pineapple mulching paper (Fullaway and
Krauss, 1945).
_Wake Island._--Numerous, some from rotten logs. Found in bunch grass on
Ocean Island (Bryan, 1926).
=Cutilia= spp.
_Australia._--Frequent woods where they leave shelter soon after sunset
and run actively on ground or ascend shrubs and trees in quest of prey
(Tepper, 1893).
=Dendroblatta sobrina=
_Panama._--Colony on tree trunk; on surface of trunk of fallen tree
(Hebard, 1920).
=Diploptera punctata=
_Hawaii._--"Crowds of these insects in various stages of development
sometimes gather in cypress trees, in suitable chinks, in old flowerhead
sheaths of palms, etc., and even more or less openly on leafy twigs, in
bunch grass, and the species is at times locally abundant behind the
older leaf bases of sugar cane" (Williams et al., 1931). Williams also
lists the following as food plants: _Cryptomeria_, algaroba, lime trees,
ripening mangoes, papayas, and oranges. However, Bianchi (personal
communication, 1954) doubted that any of the above are the main dietary,
because the largest populations he had seen "were found in the fairly
dry litter of Star Jasmine (_Jasminum pubescens_ Willd.), well removed
from any of the plants mentioned by Williams."
_Raiatea, Society Islands._--Beaten out of bracken (Cheesman, 1927).
_Uahuka, Marquesas Islands._--Under bark (Hebard, 1933a).
=Dryadoblatta scotti=
_Trinidad._--Very common in water-filled, epiphytic bromeliads in the
rain forest (see p. 31) (Princis and Kevan, 1955).
=Ectobius africanus=
_Belgian Congo._--Females in forest margin and in forest undergrowth
(Rehn, 1931).
=Ectobius albicinctus=
_South France._--Females and young beneath stones (Blair, 1922).
=Ectobius duskei=
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