_C. Hullmandel Imp._ ] MEGAPODIUS TUMULUS, _Gould_. Mound-raising Megapode. _Megapodius tumulus_, Gould in Proc. of Zool. Soc., February 8, 1842. _Oooregoorgā_, Aborigines of the Cobourg Peninsula. _Jungle-fowl_, Colonists of Port Essington. The discovery of a species of _Megapodius_ in Australia, as soon as the northern portions of the country should be subjected to a careful investigation, is no more than might have been expected, considering that New Guinea and the adjacent islands are the great nursery of this extraordinary tribe of birds. When the _Megapodius Tumulus_ first came under my observation I conceived it to be the _M. rubripes_ of M. Temminck, and it was not until I had examined specimens of that species in the Museums of Paris and Leyden that I was satisfied of its being distinct. Its much greater size and more than proportionately powerful legs are among the specific differences which will be observable by those who may feel disposed to institute a comparison. Interesting as this bird must be to every naturalist, to myself it is peculiarly so, since the valuable notes on its habits and economy which happily I am enabled to give fully confirm all that I had previously asserted respecting the extraordinary mode of incubation of the _Talegalla_, verifying the opinion I have before expressed, that _Megapodius_, _Talegalla_ and _Leipoa_ are most nearly allied genera forming part of a great family of birds, whose range will be found to extend from the Philippines through the islands of the Indian Archipelago to Australia. The _Megapodius Tumulus_ is rather numerously spread over the whole of the Cobourg Peninsula on the north coast of the Australian continent, where the British settlement of Port Essington is now established; future research will doubtless require us to assign to it a much wider range, probably over the whole extent of the north coast. The following account of its habits is taken from Mr. Gilbert’s notes; and, novel and extraordinary as my description of those of _Talegalla_ and _Leipoa_ may have been considered, this will be read with even greater interest.