Birds in literature; Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Knowledge -- Ornithology
Again, in the tricking of Malvolio, as the steward picks up the letter,
Fabian, from the lurking-place where Sir Toby and he are watching every
movement, exclaims
Now is the woodcock near the gin.[123]
[Illustration: THE LAPWING]
[Sidenote: _The Pheasant and Partridge_]
The PHEASANT is only once mentioned by Shakespeare, and in a ludicrous
way. When the Shepherd and the Clown in _The Winter’s Tale_ are
accosted by Autolycus on their errand to the king, the following
conversation ensues:
_Aut._ I command thee to open thy affair.
_Shep._ My business, sir, is to the king.
_Aut._ What advocate hast thou to him?
_Shep._ I know not, an’t like you.
_Clown_ [_aside_] Advocate’s the court-word for a pheasant: say you
have none――
_Shep._ None, sir; I have no pheasant, cock nor hen.
_Aut._ How blessed are we that are not simple men!
Yet nature might have made me as these are;
Therefore I will not disdain.[124]
We find the PARTRIDGE referred to twice in the dramas, once as part of
the game in a puttock’s nest, in the passage already cited, and the
second time in the encounter of wit between Beatrice and Benedick at
the masked ball when she, pretending not to recognise him, heaps all
manner of ridicule upon him, ending with the taunt that if he should
hear what she has been saying about him,
He’ll but break a comparison or two on me; which peradventure
not marked or not laughed at, strikes him into melancholy;
and there’s a partridge wing saved, for the fool will eat no
supper that night.[125]
The SNIPE is only once mentioned and the name is used as a contemptuous
epithet. Iago, as he soliloquises after an interview with the “gulled
gentleman” Rodrigo, affirms
I mine own gain’d knowledge should profane
If I would time expend with such a snipe,
But for my sport and profit.[126]
[Sidenote: _The Quail and Lapwing_]
The QUAIL is likewise referred to in two of the Plays dealing with
Greek and Roman history. Antony, comparing his chances in life with
Octavius Caesar’s, confesses to himself
The very dice obey him: if we draw lots he speeds;
His cocks do win the battle still of mine;
His quails ever beat mine, inhoop’d, at odds.[127]
Thersites speaks thus slightingly of a great warrior:
Here’s Agamemnon, an honest fellow enough, and one that
loves quails; but he has not so much brain as ear-wax.[128]
In both these quotations the reference seems to be to a practice of
training quails to fight after the manner of cock-fighting.
The allusions to the LAPWING indicate that the dramatist was acquainted
with some of the characteristics of the bird. The tactics of the male
bird to entice a passer-by away from his nest are expressed in the line
Far from her nest the lapwing cries away.[129]
When the plot is laid to get Beatrice to accept Benedick as her lover,
and the plotters see her “couched in the woodbine coverture,” Hero
urges:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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