Let us leave wholly to one side the argument of higher morality, this abstract, intangible argument, which, when urged, causes many to shrug their shoulders and smile. Let us come to the concrete reason for the direct responsibility of two nations to intervene on behalf of the Armenians. Among neutral and passive onlookers, who have been silent while the darkest page of modern history is being written, the Americans and Swiss should not forget that their money and their representatives have been working for two generations in Turkey to elevate the Armenians. Together with French, British, Germans, and Italians, the Americans and Swiss have helped to reawaken the national spirit of the Armenian nation. They have infused new life into the Armenian Church. They have made researches into Armenian history and have given to the world the results of those researches. They have taught the Armenians European languages, and have imparted to a race that had become ignorant and backward, because separated from Europe, the spirit of Occidental civilization. _Were they seeking out victims to deck with garlands for the sacrifice? Were they fatting the calf for the slaughter?_ Do not say no! For the practical result of their efforts to elevate the Armenian race is that long journey from home to the Valley of the Euphrates--now become the Valley of Death. Let us think hard. And then, for God’s sake, let us act! SOURCES 1. Report of American Committee on Armenian Atrocities. New York, October, 1915. The report contains thirty-five extracts from the testimony of eye-witnesses, covering the period April 27 to August 3, 1915, from all parts of Asia Minor. Twenty-five representative Americans (including Hon. Oscar S. Strauss, twice American Ambassador to Turkey, Cardinal James Gibbons, Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, and former President Charles W. Eliot of Harvard University), signed this report, which states that each bit of testimony has been subjected to careful and extensive investigation, and that “the sources are unquestioned as to the veracity, integrity, and authority of the writers.” 2. Official report of the Parliamentary Debate in the House of Lords, on Wednesday, October 6, 1915. London, Parliamentary Debates, H. of L., volume xix., 67. Interpellation of the Earl of Cromer, speech of Viscount Bryce, and comments of the Marquess of Crewe. 3. Lord Bryce’s revision and enlargement of the official report of his speech, as given in “Armenian Atrocities: The Murder of a Nation,” by Arnold J. Toynbee. London, November, 1915. 4. German missionaries’ letters to the _Sonnenaufgang_, published by Deutscher Hülfsbund für christliches Liebeswerk im Orient. 5. Narrative of Dikran Andreasian, translated by Rev. Stephen Trowbridge, and published in _The Star of the East_. London, November, 1915.