[230] See Sayce’s _Anc. Emp. of East_, p. 146. [231] Among the ancient Peruvians, there was said to be a class of devil-worshipers, known as _canchus_, or _rumapmicuc_, the members of which sucked the blood from sleeping youth, to their own nourishing and to the speedy dying away of the persons thus depleted. (See Arriaga’s _Extirpacion de la Idolatria del Piru_, p. 21 f.; cited in Spencer’s _Des. Soc._, II., 48.). See, also, Ralston’s _Russian Folk Tales_, pp. 311-328. [232] Farrer’s _Primitive Manners and Customs_, p. 23 f. [233] The primitive belief seems to have had a sound basis in scientific fact. [234] _Transfusion of Human Blood_, pp. 2-4. [235] _Ibid._, p. 5. [236] See pages 85-88, _supra_. [237] _Transf. of Blood_, p. 5. [238] 2 Kings 5 : 1-14. [239] _Hist. Nat._ xxvi., 5. [240] See _Notes and Queries_, for Feb. 28, 1857; with citation from Soane’s _New Curiosities of Literature_, I., 72. [241] _Ibid._; also Mills’s _History of Chivalry_, chap. IV., note. [242] See citation from Soane, in _Notes and Queries_, supra. [243] Citation from “Saturday Review,” for Feb. 14, 1857, in _Notes and Queries_, supra. [244] See Grimm’s _Household Tales_, I., 23-30. [245] Cox and Jones’s _Popular Romances of the Middle Ages_, pp. 85-87. [246] Cox and Jones’s _Romances of the Middle Ages_, p. 292. [247] Lettsom’s _Nibel. Lied_, p. 158. [248] _Kalila wa-Dimna_, p. 315-319. [249] Fielde’s _Pagoda Shadows_, p. 88. [250] _Croniques de France_, 1516, feuillet c c i j, cited from Soane, in _Notes and Queries_, supra. [251] Roussel’s _Trans. of Blood_, p. 6. A different version of this story is given in Bruys’s _Histoire des Papes_, IV., 278; but the other version is supported by two independent sources, in _Infessuræ Diarium_, and _Burchardi Diarium_. See _Notes and Queries_, 5th Series, III., 496, and IV., 38; also Hare’s _Walks in Rome_, p. 590. [252] _Dict. Méd. et Chirurg. Prat._, Art. “Transfusion.” [253] Shooter’s _Kafirs of Natal_, p. 117. [254] _Ibid._, p. 216. [255] Bonwick’s _Daily Life and Origin of Tasmanians_, p. 89; cited in Spencer’s _Des. Soc._, III., 43. [256] _Hist._, IV., 64. [257] _Jesuits in No. Am. in 17th Cent._, p. 389 f. [258] Ragueneau; cited by Parkman. [259] _Jesuits in No. Am._, Introduction, p. xxxix. [260] _Ibid._, p. 250. [261] _City of the Saints_, p. 117. See also Appendix. [262] _Reisen in Brit. Guian._, II., 430; cited in Spencer’s _Des. Soc._, VI., 36. [263] _Trans. of Ethn. Soc._ new series, III., 240, cited in Spencer’s _Des. Soc._, III., 36. [264] Beecham’s _Ashantee and the Gold Coast_, p. 211; cited in Spencer’s _Des. Soc._, IV., 33. [265] See Tylor’s _Primitive Culture_, I., 459; also Bock’s _Head Hunters of Borneo_, passim. [266] Mrs. Finn’s “Fellaheen of Palestine” in _Surv. of West. Pal._ “Special Papers,” p. 360.