Size small; height about 13 inches at withers. General colour dull, finely grizzled fawn-grey, with a tinge of rufous, which is especially strong on the face and sides of the neck. Top of nose with a brown patch. Throat pale rufous. Chin, belly, and inner sides of limbs white. Upper part of outer sides of limbs like flanks, lower part, from elbows and hocks downwards, pale rufous; pasterns brown. Tail grizzled greyish above like the back, whitish below. Skull with the bony palate ending, in the middle line, just in front of the level of the back of the last molar. Dimensions of a good male example:--Basal length 4 inches, greatest breadth 2·3, muzzle to orbit 2·15. Horns from 2½ to 3 inches long, very slender, their circumference at their thickest part only about 1·4 inch. _Hab._ Islets in Zanzibar Harbour and the coast-districts of the mainland from Kilimanjaro southwards to Mozambique. The discovery of this little Antelope is due to the researches of the Swedish naturalist Baron von Düben, who described it in 1846 from specimens procured by himself at Zanzibar, and named it _Nesotragus moschatus_--“_Nesotragus_” from its supposed insular habitat, and “_moschatus_” from the musky smell of its facial glands. Little more was known of this species until 1861, when Mr. Layard described it as new under the name _Cephalophorus zanzibaricus_ from specimens in the South-African Museum which he had himself obtained during the voyage of H.M.S. ‘Cantor’ on the island off Zanzibar used as a European burial-ground. According to what Mr. Layard was told the species had been introduced here by Col. Hamilton, and had multiplied so largely that sixteen were shot in an hour by a party of the ship’s officers. “The island was covered with low bush, out of which the men beat the Antelopes, which ran along the beach like rabbits. Their runs could be traced in all directions through the bushes.” In 1864 Sclater recorded this Antelope among the mammals obtained by Capt. Speke during his celebrated expedition into East Africa. Speke’s specimen, an adult male, obtained at Zanzibar, is now in the gallery of the British Museum, and is, we believe, the original of Wolf’s water-colour drawing (now in the possession of Sir Douglas Brooke), whence Mr. Smit’s figure (Plate XXVIII.) was engraved under Sir Victor Brooke’s superintendence. Sir John Kirk, so long known as H.B.M. Consul-General at Zanzibar, who furnished a set of skins and skulls of this Antelope to the National Collection, has most kindly supplied us with the following notes on it:--