Apocryphal books (Old Testament); Enoch (Biblical figure); Ethiopic book of Enoch -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
The reader who comes to peruse the Book of Enoch for the first time will
find much that appears to him strange and unattractive; he must not,
however, be repelled by this; for in due time he will come to other
parts of the book which he will soon see to be of real value from many
points of view. But even regarding the less attractive parts, he will
find that when these are carefully studied they contain more that is of
interest than appears upon the surface. Unfortunately, the opening
portion (i.—xxxvi.), which is naturally read first, contains a good deal
of the least important parts of the whole book; some passages are even
repellent. It is well to remember the point, already referred to, that
there are at least four quite independent books included in the “Book of
Enoch,” exclusive of certain “Noah” fragments and other pieces (see
below); the student is, therefore, advised to treat these as separate
works, and to read them as such. There is no reason to begin with the
book which happens to come first, especially as the first thirty-six
chapters do not all belong together.[17] But, in any case, it will be
found most useful to have some general idea of the contents of each of
the different books before beginning to read them. For this purpose a
brief _résumé_ of each is given here.
i. _The Book of Enoch_ (chapters xii.-xxxvi.). The book opens with a
Dream-Vision of Enoch. In this dream Enoch is asked to intercede for the
watchers of heaven, _i. e._ the angels, who had left their heavenly home
to commit iniquity with the daughters of men. He writes out the petition
(cp. the title “Enoch the Scribe”) the fallen angels make, and then
retires to await the answer, which comes to him in a series of visions.
These visions are not quite easy to follow; they are evidently
incomplete and somewhat confused; in all probability the text has
suffered in transmission. At any rate, the petition is refused; Enoch
declares to the fallen angels the doom which, as he has been taught in
the visions, is to be their lot; the final words of the message which he
is bidden to give them are: “You have no peace” (xii.-xvi.). There
follow then accounts of the different journeys which Enoch makes, being
conducted by angels of light, through certain parts of the earth, and
through Sheol. After the account of the _first journey_ (xvii.-xix.) a
short enumeration is made of the archangels, seven in number, and their
functions (xx.). In the _second journey_ is described the place of final
punishment of the fallen angels: “This place is the prison of the angels
and here they will be imprisoned for ever.” From thence Enoch is taken
to Sheol; then to the west, where he sees the luminaries of heaven.
After that the angels show him “seven magnificent mountains,” upon one
of which is the throne of God; he sees also the Tree of Life, which is
to be given to the holy and righteous after the great Judgement. From
thence he comes back to the centre of the earth and sees the “blessed
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