The Book of Stars: Being a Simple Explanation of the Stars and Their Uses to Boy LifeCollins, A. Frederick (Archie Frederick)
Science
The Book of Stars: Being a Simple Explanation of the Stars and Their Uses to Boy Life
Collins, A. Frederick (Archie Frederick)
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature; Stars -- Juvenile literature
Every day at noon time signals like those sent over the wires on land
are sent out so that every navigation officer and sailing master whose
ships are fitted with wireless apparatus can get the correct time.
All over the Atlantic seaboard boys, as well as jewelers (see Fig.
169), have wireless receiving sets and they receive the correct time
every day by wireless free of charge. No license is required to
receive wireless signals, the cost of the apparatus is little and the
experience immense. Are you in on it?
CHAPTER XI
THE STARS OF THE ZODIAC
=Zodiac!=—It sounds to the untrained ear like the password of a
bomb-thrower or a first cousin to a dish of Hungarian goulash.
It is enough, albeit, to scare even a Scout away from the stars, but be
not afraid, for it can’t hurt you and you can’t eat it.
On the other hand, if you are on speaking terms with the zodiac
(pronounced zo´-di-ak), it will help you to find the planets and at the
same time you will add enough new constellations to those you already
know to give you a high passing mark for a merit badge in the Boy
Scouts if you want one. Besides, the signs and constellations of the
zodiac will aid you to use the almanac and help you in many other ways.
You have often noticed that the Sun seems to travel through the sky
over a path or belt that is always the same from west to east; you must
have noticed, too, that the path of the Moon is almost the same as
that of the Sun, but you may or may not remember that the planets also
travel over the same path as the Sun and Moon.
It is just as though the Sun, Moon and planets moved at different
speeds on an endless belt in the sky which runs round the Earth nearly
in a line with its equator, though tilted at a slight angle to it, and
this line is called the _ecliptic_. The way the ancients thought it was
and the way it really looks to us is shown in Fig. 170.
The ancients called this apparent path of the Sun, Moon and planets
with the stars for a background the zodiac, so it is not such a
horrible specimen after all.
We know, of course, that the Sun is the center of our solar system
and that the planets, including the Earth and Moon, are at various
distances from the Sun and that each moves in a path, or orbit, of its
own, making a small angle with the ecliptic. What we call the Zodiac
takes in all these orbits and is, therefore, a belt of considerable
width through the center of which runs the ecliptic.
[Illustration: FIG. 170.—THE ZODIAC AS INVENTED BY THE ANCIENTS.]
[Illustration: FIG. 171.—THE ZODIAC AS WE KNOW IT TODAY.]
Suppose we draw a little circle and call it the Sun, as shown in Fig.
171, and draw an ellipse around it and call it the Earth’s orbit,
putting on another little circle for the Earth; now suppose we draw
a much larger ellipse round the one representing the Earth’s orbit,
divide it into 12 parts and put a constellation in each part.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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