The Book of the Bayeux Tapestry: Presenting the Complete Work in a Series of Colour FacsimilesBelloc, Hilaire
History
The Book of the Bayeux Tapestry: Presenting the Complete Work in a Series of Colour Facsimiles
Belloc, Hilaire
Bayeux tapestry
First we have, in the 69th panel itself, Odo of Bayeux, the Bishop,
William’s brother, with the characteristically French inscription,
“Pueros suos,” by way of saying “his men.” “Here Odo, the Bishop,
holding a stick, heartens his men,” or literally, “his children.” So the
modern French army term, “mes enfants” for “men.” All this is quite
clear; but the next panel (No. 70) has led to the controversy of which I
speak. Note here three men at the charge. The first brandishes a sword,
the second has a mace or sceptre in his hand, and is lifting the nasal
of his helm, and the third holds a lance and pennon or, as the French
then called it, a Gonfanon. Above the group is written, “Here is Duke
William.” It is fairly established that Wace’s poem (which the panels of
this part of the Tapestry follow with great fidelity) is here abandoned
by the artist and the account of Benoit de Saint More is followed. The
incident is, of course, that of William showing his face to his
followers when it was feared he had fallen. Further, the first figure
carrying the pennon is certainly intended for Eustace of Boulogne. Above
his head, in one of the few fragments that have suffered mutilation, is
the beginning and ending of the word Eustatius (E——TIUS); while the
clear writing of the inscription round the central figure and the
obvious reference to the passage in Benoit de Saint More, coupled with
the fact that the central figure bears a mace or sceptre, not a sword,
leave no doubt that it is William that is intended. It is worth
remembering in connection with the date of the Tapestry that the
emphasizing of the part which Eustace of Boulogne played in the battle
is peculiar to the twelfth-century chroniclers.
[Illustration:
72
]
[Illustration:
73
]
[Illustration:
74
]
The next three panels are bringing the battle to an end. “Here,” says
the inscription, “the French fight and slay those who were with Harold.”
The number of armorial shields, and their presence even, on the Saxon
side is noteworthy, and the reappearance of the round shield with the
boss in the border; further, that the archers have at last got home, is
indicated in the arrows that have struck the shields, and in the full
quivers of the border. The stripping of the bodies of the slain by the
camp followers is equally indicative of the stage the fight has reached;
and in the next panel (the 74th) you have one of the last episodes, the
death of Harold himself. Harold is introduced twice: first, standing
near his standard pulling from his face the arrow that has struck it;
next, cut down by a mounted horseman, who strikes him on the thigh with
his sword. That exactly follows Wace point for point, for his poem tells
us first that Harold was struck in the eye by an arrow and that he
pulled it out, and that then one came, a knight, who struck him on the
thigh with a sword, wounding him to the bone; that at the same moment
the standard fell to earth, and that the men “then killed Harold.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
The Book of the Bayeux Tapestry: Presenting the Complete Work in a Series of Colour Facsimiles — John Shaqi
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