Continuing, the Essayist adds: “Writers who have given us an account of
China tell us the inhabitants of that country laugh at the plantations
of our Europeans, which are laid out by the rule and line; because they
say, anyone may place trees in equal rows and uniform figures. They
choose rather to show a genius in works of this nature, and therefore
always conceal the art by which they direct themselves. They have a
word, it seems, in their language, by which they express the particular
beauty of a plantation that thus strikes the imagination at first sight,
without discovering what it is that has so agreeable an effect. Our
British gardeners, on the contrary, instead of humouring nature, love to
deviate from it as much as possible. Our trees rise in cones, globes,
and pyramids. We see the marks of the scissors upon every plant and
bush. I do not know whether I am singular in my opinion, but for my own
part, I would rather look upon a tree in all its luxuriancy and
diffusion of boughs and branches, than when it is thus cut and trimmed
into a mathematical figure; and cannot but fancy that an orchard in
flower looks infinitely more delightful than all the little labyrinths
of the most finished parterre. But, as our great modellers of gardens
have their magazines of plants to dispose of, it is very natural for
them to tear up all the beautiful plantations of fruit trees, and
contrive a plan that may most turn to their own profit, in taking off
their evergreens, and the like movable plants, with which their shops
are plentifully stocked.”
It will be perfectly obvious that when Addison found it necessary to
draw comparisons between a free and natural style of gardening, and the
artificial methods carried out with mathematical precision in his time,
to the distinct advantage of the former system, that geometric
gardening, coupled with the excessive use of Topiary work, had made
English gardens dreadfully monotonous. Essays were fashionable in the
early years of the eighteenth century, and, remembering that their
publication was extended over a considerable period, it must be presumed
that they were freely read and discussed, and thus exerted a very
considerable influence upon public opinion, just as a well thought out
and carefully written leading article does in our own time. We may take
it, then, that the gardeners of his time were considerably impressed by
Addison’s quiet denunciation of the existing style, and no doubt a
revolution had already commenced in the minds, if not in the gardens, of
the wealthy, when, a little more than a year later, Pope published in
the _Guardian_ (Tuesday, September 29, 1713), his famous essay on
“Verdant Sculpture.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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