Spies, estimation of, in China, 13; Suntzu on power of, 13-14; on titles and salaries to, 70; five kinds of, 71; of enemy, 73; skillfully sown, 103 Spirit of troops, 31-34; compared to torrent, 33; good fighter seeks victory from, 34; keen in morning, 43; sustained by speed, 60; influence of, 102 Stables, care of, 99 Standard of Takeda Shingen, 42, _note_ Standards to be entrusted to strong men, 98; Wutzu on use of, 104 Strata, Chinese division of earth and sky into nine, 29, _note_ Stratagem, the attack by, 24-27; use of, on enclosed ground, 60; importance of, in war, 17 Strategy, secrets of, 20; how to outwit enemy by, 24; assault by, 25; in offering apparent advantage, 35; not to be repeated, if victorious, 39 Steep place, advantage of, 109 Store burning, 67 Strength, first in field husbands, 34; economy of, 37; ways of husbanding, 43 Strong, place of, with cowardly, 43 Sun. (_See_ Suntzu.) Sunny ground, 9 Suntzu, place of, in Chinese literature, 7; on march of army, 9; on offensive action, 10; tactics of, unlike Japanese, 10; disinterested comments on war by, 12-13; revered in Japan, 14; influence of, in late Japanese war, 15; not patriot, but strategist, 15; story told of, 15-16; Articles of, 17-74; on five indispensable matters, 17; on operations of war, 20-23; on attack by stratagem, 24-27; on Order of Battle, 28-30; on spirit of troops, 31-34; on emptiness and strength, 34-39; on battle tactics, 40-44; on the Nine Changes, 44-46; on movement of troops, 47-53; on ground, 53-57; on the Nine Grounds, 58-67; on assault by fire, 67-69; on the employment of spies, 70-74 Surprise, case of enemy taken by, 106 Survey of land, 30 Suspended ground, 54 Swamps, movements regarding, 49 Sympathy, between general and soldiers, 53; consequences of, 56-57 T Tables of population, 30 Tactics, skill in change of, 39; difficulty of military, 40; battle, 40-44 Takeda Shingen, words on standard of, 42, _note_ Tang, Lord, of Cheng, 79 Temper, quick, dangerous fault in general, 46 Tigers, white (banners), 99 Tortoises (banners), 99 Training, one of seven important military matters, 18; Wutzu esteems first requirement in war, 97 Transport, loss of, through bad tactics, 41 Trees, movement among, 49-50 Truce, apologies betray anxiety for, 52 Tsu, number of men in, 24, _note_ Turtle, enquiry by, 78, and _note_ Tyranny, war of, 81 U Umbrella, part of Chinese soldier's equipment, 9 Uniformity, brought about by authority, 53 Unity results from position of troops in enemy's land, 61 Unrighteous war, 81 V Valleys, movement of troops regarding steep, 49; advance in, 112; war in, 112