The yarn is then very carefully inspected, and all imperfections which would show in the finished goods are removed, and, if it is to be dyed in the skein, the yarn is taken to a reel, where the skeins are made ready for the dyehouse. ~HOW CLOTH IS MADE FROM WOOL~ The threads must now be prepared for the loom, in order that the actual weaving may be done. The thread is used in two ways in weaving--as warp, which is the thread which runs lengthwise of the cloth, and as filling, or woof, which runs across the cloth from side to side. [Illustration: Copyright American Woolen Company GILLING AND MAKING TOP AFTER COMBING] The warp threads--the threads which run lengthwise of the cloth--are sized and wound upon large reels, and from these transferred to a large wooden roll called the warp beam, which holds all the warp threads, usually several thousands. The filling threads are put on shuttle bobbins and placed in the shuttles to be refilled by the operatives as required, and as the weaving progresses. The warp beam is then taken to the drawing-in room, where these several thousand threads are drawn through wire heddles in a frame called the harness, then drawn through a wire reed. The completed warp beam is now ready for the loom. The harnesses are placed in the loom, and by means of what is called the “head-motion,” part of the threads are raised and part are lowered. This allows the filling shuttles to pass above some threads and below others, filling out the pattern required. The cloth, having been made in such length as is desired, is taken from the loom, and, by what is known as burling and mending, any knots or threads woven in wrongly are removed, and any imperfections which have been discovered through a careful examination are corrected. The web or cloth is scoured or washed and the oil and any foreign matter removed. Undressed fabrics would now be fulled. This consists of running cloth through a fulling machine, where, moistened with a specially prepared soap, it is subjected to a great pressure and pounding, which aids in giving the required finish. There are different kinds of finishes which require different treatments, and it would be impracticable for us to dwell in detail upon this matter here. If dyed in the piece, the web or cloth is taken to the dyehouse and dyed. It is thoroughly rinsed, all moisture is extracted from it, and it is dried. After drying the cloth is run through a machine by which it is brushed and sheared, the brushing lifting the long fibres, and the shearing cutting them off at even length. The cloth is put through the press, which irons it out, giving it the lustre or the finish that is desired. It is examined again for further imperfections, and if such have occurred they are corrected. Measuring, weighing, rolling and tagging follow, and the cloth is packed and ready for the market.