E-text prepared by Chris Curnow, Joseph Cooper, Louise Pattison, and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the original illustrations. See 33198-h.htm or 33198-h.zip: (https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/33198/pg33198-images.html) or (https://www.gutenberg.org/files/33198/33198-h.zip) Transcriber's note: This is Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology, Paper 35, from the Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum Bulletin 240, comprising Papers 34-44, which will also be available as a complete e-book. The front material, introduction and relevant index entries from the Bulletin are included in each single-paper e-book. Corrections are listed at the end of the e-book. Characters within curly braces following a carat character are superscripted (example: Bart^{o}), Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum Bulletin 240 [Illustration] Smithsonian Press Museum of History and Technology Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology Papers 34-44 on Science and Technology Smithsonian Institution . Washington, D.C. 1966 * * * * * _Publications of the United States National Museum_ The scholarly and scientific publications of the United States National Museum include two series, _Proceedings of the United States National Museum_ and _United States National Museum Bulletin_. In these series, the Museum publishes original articles and monographs dealing with the collections and work of its constituent museums--The Museum of Natural History and the Museum of History and Technology--setting forth newly acquired facts in the fields of anthropology, biology, history, geology, and technology. Copies of each publication are distributed to libraries, to cultural and scientific organizations, and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects. The _Proceedings_, begun in 1878, are intended for the publication, in separate form, of shorter papers from the Museum of Natural History. These are gathered in volumes, octavo in size, with the publication date of each paper recorded in the table of contents of the volume.