Being an annual it requires to be raised yearly from seed; when once introduced on a warm dry border it will continue to sow itself, and grow very luxuriantly, flowering from June to the commencement of winter; but as it is desirable to have it as early as possible in the spring, the best way is either to sow the seed in pots in autumn, securing them through the winter in frames, or in a greenhouse, or to raise the seeds early on a gentle hot bed, thinning the plants if they require it, so as to have only two or three in a pot. [30] ~Lilium chalcedonicum. Chalcedonian Lily.~ _Class and Order._ ~Hexandria Monogynia.~ _Generic Character._ _Cor._ 6-petala, campanulata: _linea_ longitudinali nectarifera. _Caps._ valvulis pilo cancellato connexis. _Specific Character and Synonyms._ LILIUM _chalcedonicum_ foliis sparsis lanceolatis, floribus reflexis, corollis revolutis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p._ 324. LILIUM byzantium miniatum. _Bauh. Pin._ 78. The Red Martagon of Constantinople. _Park. Parad. p._ 34. [Illustration: No. 30] This species is best known in the nurseries by the name of the _Scarlet Martagon_; but as it is not the Martagon of Linnaeus, to avoid confusion it will be most proper to adhere to the name which Linnaeus has given it. It is a native not only of Persia, but of Hungary; Professor Jacquin, who has figured it in his most excellent _Flora Austriaca_, describes it as growing betwixt Carniola and Carinthia, and other parts of Hungary, but always on the tops of the largest mountains. It varies in the number of its flowers, from one to six, and the colour in some is found of a blood red. Authors differ in their ideas of its smell: Jacquin describing it as disagreeble, while Scopoli compares it to that of an orange. It flowers in June and July; and is propagated by offsets, which it produces pretty freely, and which will grow in almost any soil or situation. The best time for removing the roots is soon after the leaves are decayed, before they have begun to shoot. [31] ~Jasminum officinale. Common Jasmine or Jessamine.~ _Class and Order._ ~Diandria Monogynia.~ _Generic Character._ _Cor._ 5-fida. _Bacca_ dicocca. _Sem_. arillata. _Antherae_ intra tubum. _Specific Character and Synonyms._ JASMINUM _officinale_ foliis oppositis; foliolis distinctis. _Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p._ 56. JASMINUM vulgatius flore albo. _Bauh. Pin._ 397. Jasmine or Gesmine. _Park. Parad. p._ 406. [Illustration: No. 31] There is an elegance in the Jasmine which added to its fragrance renders it an object of universal admiration.