to the ripe fruits, and even to improve them after they are laid in heaps on the ground. They are finally dried and stored up in barns for use. The cultivators enumerate three varieties, which they call _Melars_, _Llandars_, and _Costelluts_. The last they distinguish by having larger leaves and of a deeper green, with legumes often a foot long, but with little solidity or sweetness; the second has shorter legumes, but more solid and very sweet; the leaves also are shorter. The first are called Melars (_quasi Melleas_) from _Mel_ honey, of which the fruit contains small drops, and sometimes in such abundance that it distils upon the ground, and is fed upon by the bees. The fruits are the principal food of the cattle in the province of Valencia, and also form part of the sustenance of the poor people. The leaves are used in the preparation of leather. Monsieur Olivier also informs us in his _Travels in the Ottoman Empire_, that the Carob-tree grows all over the Island of Crete, and delights most in stony grounds and the clefts of rocks; that the fruits are conveyed thence to Constantinople, to Syria and Egypt, and serve for food to the poor and to children. They are also an ingredient in the sherbets of which the Mussulmans make daily use. [Illustration] PLATE DLXVIII. LIPARIA SPHÆRICA. _Round-headed Liparia._ CLASS XVII. ORDER IV. _DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Two Brotherhoods. Ten Chives. ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER. CALYX quinquefidus, lacinia infima elongata. Corollæ alæ inferius bilobæ. Filamenta alternatim breviora. Legumen polyspermum. CALYX 5-cleft, the lower segment very long. Wings of the blossom two-lobed on the lower side. Chives alternately shorter. Pod many-seeded. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. LIPARIA floribus capitatis; foliis lanceolatis, nervosis, glabris. _Willd. Sp. Pl. vol._ iii. LIPARIA with flowers in heads; the leaves lance-shaped, nerved, and smooth. REFERENCE TO THE PLATE. 1. A bract. 2. The empalement. 3. A flower spread open. 4. The chives. 5. The same spread open. 6. Seed-bud and pointal. 7. A back view of the head of flowers. * * * * *